Yintoni iHodgkin Lymphoma (HL)
I-HL luhlobo lomhlaza owenza ezinye zeeseli zakho zegazi, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-B-cell lymphocytes zikhule kakhulu, kwaye ziyeke ukusebenza kakuhle. I-Lymphocytes ziiseli ezikhethekileyo, ngoko ke zincinci kufuneka uzijonge nge-microscope. Baluhlobo lweseli yegazi, kwaye umsebenzi wabo kukulwa iintsholongwane ezinokukugulisa. Abanye babo banokude balwe nomhlaza.
Umhlaza uthetha ukuba iiseli :
- bakhule xa bengafanelanga ukuba bakhule
- bangaziphathi ngendlela abafanele ukuziphatha ngayo, kwaye
- ngamanye amaxesha hamba uye kumalungu omzimba wakho ongafanelanga ukuya kuwo.
Yintoni eyenza i-B-cell Lymphocytes ekhethekileyo?
- Zenziwa ngaphakathi emathanjeni akho kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi "bone umongo".
- I-Lymphocytes inokuhamba kuwo onke amalungu omzimba wakho ukulwa nokusuleleka, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ihlala kwinkqubo yakho ye-lymphatic.
- Inkqubo yakho ye-lymphatic ibandakanya amanye amalungu akho abizwa ngokuba yi-spleen, thymus, tonsils kunye ne-appendix kunye nee-lymph nodes ezifumaneka kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. Iinqanawa ze-lymphatic zifana neendlela ezidibanisa onke amalungu akho e-lymphatic kunye ne-lymph nodes kunye.
- Iilymphocyte zinceda iineutrophils ekulweni iintsholongwane.
- Kwakhona bakhumbula iintsholongwane ngoko ke ukuba bazama ukubuya, ii-lymphocyte zakho zinokuzisusa ngokukhawuleza.
B-iiseli kunye ne-lymphoma
Xa une-HL, i-B-cell lymphocytes yakho iba ngumhlaza kwaye ibizwa iiseli ze-lymphoma. Zibukeka zihluke, zikhulu kwaye ziziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kune-lymphocytes eqhelekileyo.
Iiseli ze-lymphoma zikwabizwa ngokuba ziiseli zeReed-Sternberg. (IReed kunye neSternberg yayingamagama oosonzululwazi abachonga kuqala ezi seli).
Ibukeka njani iseli yeReed-Sternberg?
Nanku umfanekiso obonisa ukuba zikhangeleka njani iiseli eziqhelekileyo, kwaye zikhangeleka njani iiseli ze-lymphoma zeReed-Sternberg.
I-Hodgkin lymphoma ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-aggressive. Kodwa into enhle malunga ne-Hodgkin lymphoma enobudlova kukuba ihlala iphendula kakuhle kunyango, kuba unyango lwenzelwe ukuhlasela iiseli ezikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ngesi sizathu, kukho ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuba uya kunyangwa emva konyango. Oko kuthetha ukuba awusayi kuba nomhlaza.
Iimpawu zeHodgkin Lymphoma (HL)
Uphawu lokuqala onokulufumana ukuba une-HL inokuba ligaqa, okanye amaqhuma amaninzi ahlala ekhula. La maqhuma anokuba kuwe:
- intamo (njengale isesithombeni)
- ikhwapha (ikhwapha lakho)
- i-groin (apho umphezulu wemilenze yakho ujoyina umzimba wakho wonke, kwaye ukuya esinqeni sakho)
- okanye isisu (indawo yesisu sakho).
Iilymph nodes kwisisu sakho kunokuba nzima ukuzibona kwaye uzive, kuba zinzulu kakhulu emzimbeni wakho kunezinye i-lymph nodes. Ugqirha wakho unokwazi kuphela ukuba une-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo apho ngokuthatha iifoto ezikhethekileyo (izikena) zangaphakathi emzimbeni wakho.
Amaqhuma abangelwa yi-lymph nodes yakho ezaliswe ngeeseli ze-lymphoma, ezibangela ukuba zidumbe. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayibuhlungu kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo zibeka uxinzelelo kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho zingabangela intlungu.
Yiyiphi enye indawo enokufumaneka kuyo iHodgkin Lymphoma?
Ngamanye amaxesha, iHodgkin lymphoma inokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho njengeyakho:
- imiphunga – imiphunga yakho iyakunceda ukuba uphefumle.
- isibindi – isibindi sakho siyakunceda ukuba wetyise ukutya, kwaye sicoce umzimba wakho ukuze ungakhi ityhefu eyingozi (ityhefu) emzimbeni wakho.
- amathambo – amathambo akho akunika amandla ukuze ungabhukudi ndawo zonke.
- umongo wethambo (oku kuphakathi kwamathambo akho kwaye kulapho iiseli zakho zegazi zenziwa khona).
- amanye amalungu anceda umzimba wakho usebenze kakuhle.
Ukuba iiseli zakho ze-lymphoma zisasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho, zingabizwa ngokuba yinqanaba eliphezulu le-HL. Siza kuthetha ngezigaba ze-HL ngakumbi kamva, kodwa kulungile ukuba wazi ngoku, ukuba nokuba unenqanaba eliphambili le-HL, usenokuphila.
Ezinye iimpawu onokuzifumana ziquka:
- Ukuziva udinwe ngokwenene ngaphandle kwesizathu – amaxesha amaninzi usaziva udiniwe nasemva kokuba uye waphumla okanye ulele.
- Ukubethwa ngumoya – nokuba akukho nto uyenzayo.
- Ukhohlokhohlo olomileyo olungapheli.
- Ukugruzuka okanye ukopha ngokulula kunesiqhelo.
- Ulusu olurhawuzayo.
- Igazi elisethunjini lakho okanye kwiphepha langasese xa usiya kwindlu yangasese.
- Usulelo olungapheli, okanye oluqhubeka lubuya (luphindaphinda).
- B-impawu.
Ezinye izizathu zeempawu - kunye nexesha lokubona ugqirha wakho
Uninzi lwale miqondiso kunye neempawu zinokufana nezinye izinto ezifana nosulelo. Ngokwesiqhelo kunye nosulelo okanye esinye isizathu iimpawu ziyahamba emva kweeveki ezimbalwa.
Xa uneHL nangona, i iimpawu azipheli ngaphandle konyango.
Ugqirha wakho usenokucinga ukuba unosulelo ekuqaleni. Kodwa ukuba banenkxalabo yokuba inokuba luhlobo lwe-lymphoma, baya kuodola iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo. Ukuba ubukhe waya kugqirha, kwaye iimpawu zakho azibi ngcono, kuya kufuneka buyela kwagqirha.
Ifunyaniswa njani iHodgkin Lymphoma (HL)?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-lymphoma. Zidla ngokudityaniswa IHodgkin lymphoma or i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma. I-Hodgkin lymphoma idityaniswe ngokwe:
- I-Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) okanye
- I-Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL)
Uninzi lwenu luya kuba ne-cHL, kunye nomntwana om-1 kuphela kwabali-10 nabafikisayo abane-HL enohlobo olusezantsi lwe-NLPHL.
UGqirha wam wazi njani ukuba loluphi uhlobo endinalo?
Kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha wakho akhangele ukuba yeyiphi onayo, kuba iintlobo zonyango kunye namayeza owafumanayo anokwahluka kumntu onohlobo olusezantsi olwahlukileyo. nina.
Ukufumanisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-HL onalo, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukuyenza ezinye iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo. Baya kufuna ukuthatha iisampulu zakho i-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo ukuze uzivavanye kwaye ubone ukuba luhlobo luni lweeseli ezikuyo Pha. Xa ugqirha ethatha isampuli, ibizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy.
Unokuba ne-biopsy yakho kwigumbi likagqirha, kwigumbi lotyando esibhedlele okanye kwisebe leradiyoloji. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ungakanani na, kwaye iphi i-lymph yakho edumbileyo iindawo zokuhlala. Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazisa apho wena kunye nabazali bakho / abagcini bakho kufuneka ndihambe.
Biopsy
I-biopsy inokwenziwa njengotyando esibhedlele. Oogqirha kunye nabongikazi bakho baya kuqaphela kakhulu, kwaye uqiniseke ukuba ukhululekile kangangoko ngelixa besenza i-biopsy. Usenokude ufumane iyeza elikuncedayo ukuba ulale ngexesha le-biopsy, okanye wenze indawo abayenza kuyo i-biopsy ibe ndindisholo. Eli yeza libizwa ngokuba liyeza lokuthomalalisa.
Nje ukuba i-biopsy ithathwe, iya kuthunyelwa kwi-pathology, apho abantu abaqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ababizwa ngokuba yi-"Pathologists" baya kusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo ukujonga iiseli kwi-biopsy. Ezinye zezixhobo abazisebenzisayo ziya kuba zii-microscopes ezikhethekileyo kunye nezibane, ezibanceda babone iindawo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ze-lymphoma. Wumnqwazi abawubonayo unceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumanise ukuba loluphi uhlobo olusezantsi lwe-HL onalo.
Ezinye iintlobo ze-biopsies onokuthi ube nazo ziquka:
I-Core okanye inaliti ye-biopsy
Ugqirha okanye umongikazi uyakufaka inaliti kwi-lymph node yakho edumbileyo kwaye asuse isampulu encinci ye-lymph node. Uya kuba neyeza lokuyenza ndindisholo loo ndawo ukuze ingenzi buhlungu, kwaye ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, unokuba nelinye iyeza lokukwenza ulale ukuze uhlale ungashukumi.
Ukuba i-lymph node inzulu ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho kwaye abakwazi ukuyiva, ugqirha unokusebenzisa i-ultrasound okanye i-x-reyi ekhethekileyo ukubanceda bayibone xa besenza i-biopsy.
Ukunqwala okukhethekileyokwi biopsy
Kuya kufuneka uqhaqho ukuze ube ne-excisional node biopsy. Yenziwa ukususa i-lymph node yonke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho ezingenakufikelelwa ngenaliti. Uya kufumana isibulali-zintlungu esiya kukwenza ulale, kwaye awuyi kuva okanye ukhumbule utyando. Uya kuvuka kunye nemithungo apho bakhuphe i-lymph node ngaphandle.
Umongo wethambo
Nge-biopsy yomongo wethambo, ugqirha ufaka inaliti kumqolo wakho osezantsi kunye nakwithambo le-hip. Le yenye yeendawo apho iiseli zakho zegazi zenziwe khona, ngoko ke bayathanda ukuthatha isampulu yalo umongo wethambo ukubona ukuba zikhona na iiseli ze-lymphoma apho. Kukho iisampulu ezimbini ugqirha aya kuzithatha kwesi sithuba kuquka:
- I-Bone marrow aspirate (BMA): olu vavanyo luthatha inani elincinci ulwelo olufumaneka kwisithuba umongo wethambo
- Umongo wethambo aspirate trephine (BMAT): olu vavanyo luthatha encinci isampuli yomongo wethambo
Kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, ungenza oku njengotyando olunesithomalalisi ukuze ulale. Mhlawumbi awusayi kuba nezititshi emva koku, kodwa uya kuba nokunxiba okuncinci okufana nebhendi yoncedo kwindawo apho inaliti yangena khona.
Ilinde iziphumo
Kungathatha iiveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu ukufumana iziphumo zakho.
Ukulinda iziphumo kunokuba lixesha loxinzelelo kuwe nakwabo ubathandayo. Kubalulekile ukuba wena nehlokondiba lakho okanye usapho kunye nabahlobo nifikelele kwaye nithethe nomntu omthembileyo ngeli xesha. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ungathetha nabani, okanye ukuba unemibuzo, ungasoloko ufowunela okanye uthumele i-imeyile kubongikazi bethu bokhathalelo lwe-lymphoma.
Ngeenkcukacha malunga nendlela yokunxibelelana nabo nceda ucofe kuluhlaza qhagamshelana nathi iqhosha ngasezantsi kwesikrini.
Iintlobo ezincinci zeHodgkin Lymphoma
Njengoko sichazile ngasentla, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-HL - i-classical Hodgkin Lymphoma kunye Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL).
I-Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma iye yahlulwa kwakhona ibe ziindidi ezine ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ziquka:
- I-Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (NS-cHL)
- I-Mixed cellularity classical childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma (MC-cHL)
- I-Hodgkin Lymphoma etyebileyo kwi-lymphocyte (LR-cHL)
- I-Hodgkin Lymphoma ye-Lymphocyte (LD-cHL)
Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nezi subtypes ze-HL, cofa kwizihloko ezingezantsi.
Iintlobo ezincinci zeHodgkin Lymphoma
I-NS-cHL ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abadala kunye nabaselula. Phantse isiqingatha sabo bonke abantu abane-classical Hodgkin lymphoma baya kuba nale subtype ye-NS-cHL.
Amakhwenkwe namantombazana bobabini banokufumana i-NS-cHL, kodwa ixhaphake kancinci kumantombazana.
I-NS-cHL idla ngokuqala kwii-lymph nodes nzulu ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho, kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-mediastinum yakho. Uyakwazi ukubona i-mediastinum kumfanekiso ongezantsi, yinxalenye engaphakathi kwebhokisi elimnyama.
Unako okanye awukwazi ukuziva udumbile i-lymph nodes, kodwa ezinye iimpawu onokuzifumana ngohlobo lwe-HL ziquka:
- ukukhwehlela
- intlungu okanye ukuziva ungakhululekanga esifubeni sakho
- ndiziva ndiphefumla kancinci
I-NS-cHL inokuqalisa, okanye isasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho njenge-spleen, imiphunga, isibindi, ithambo okanye umongo wethambo.
I-Mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (MC-cHL) ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-10 ubudala. Kodwa isenokuchaphazela abantwana nabakwishumi elivisayo nakubuphi na ubudala.
Ukuba une-MC-cHL, unokuqaphela amaqhuma amatsha ngaphantsi kwesikhumba sakho. Oku kungenxa yokuba iiseli ze-lymphoma ziqokelela kwaye zikhule kwii-lymph nodes kwizicubu ezinamafutha phantsi kwesikhumba sakho. Sonke sinala mathambo anamafutha kwaye ayanceda ukukhusela amalungu ethu angaphantsi, kwaye asigcine sishushu xa kubanda. Ezinye iiseli ze-lymphoma zinokufumaneka kwamanye amalungu akho.
I-MC-cHL ngamanye amaxesha inokuba luqili ukuba ugqirha wakho ayixilonge kuba ikhangeleka ngathi luhlobo oluthile lwe-lymphoma ebizwa ngokuba yi-peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Ngesi sizathu, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba une-MC-cHL ukuze bakwazi ukukunika amayeza afanelekileyo.
I-lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma (LR-cHL) inqabile. Bambalwa kakhulu abantu abafumana le subtype. Kodwa ukuba uyayenza, idla ngokuphendula kakuhle kakhulu kunyango lwakho. Mhlawumbi uyakuphila wakugqiba unyango.
Unokuqaphela amaqhuma phantsi kwesikhumba sakho ukuba une-LR-cHL, kuba iiseli ze-lymphoma zikhula kwii-lymph nodes ngaphantsi kwesikhumba sakho.
I-LR-cHL inokuba nenkohliso kugqirha wakho ukuba ayixilonge kuba ngamanye amaxesha ikhangeleka njengodidi olwahlukileyo lwe-HL ebizwa ngokuba yi-Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL). Zombini i-LR-cHL kunye ne-NLPHL zikhangeleka ziyafana, kodwa amayeza awohlukeneyo asetyenziselwa ukuwasusa.
I-Lymphocyte-depleted classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (LD0cHL) mhlawumbi lolona hlobo luncinci luqhelekileyo lwe-Hodgkin lymphoma kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. Kuxhaphake ngakumbi ukuba unosulelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), okanye ukuba ukhe wanosulelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
I-EBV yintsholongwane ebangela i-glaular fever eyenza ube nomqala obuhlungu. Kwakhona ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yi "mono" okanye i-mononucleosis. Kude kuthiwe sisifo sokuncamisa kuba sisasazwa ngamathe (kodwa akunyanzelekanga ukuba uphuze nabani na ukuze usifumane).
Usenokungabi namaqhuma angaqhelekanga okanye i-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo ukuba une-LD-cHL kuba ihlala ikhula embindini wamathambo akho kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba ngumongo wethambo lakho. Le yindawo apho iiseli zakho zegazi zenziwa khona. Nangona kunjalo, inokuqala nzulu kwindawo yakho yesisu (okanye esiswini), ngoko ke amaqhuma anokuba nzulu kakhulu ukuba ungaziva.
I-Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL)
I-Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL) luhlobo olunqabileyo kakhulu lwe-HL, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-10 ubudala.
Ugqirha wakho unokukuxilonga nge-NLPHL ukuba iiseli zakho zijongeka ngendlela ethile. Isenokubonakala ihlekisa, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha sithi iiseli ze-lymphoma kwi-NLPHL zijongeka njengepopcorn. Jonga umfanekiso kwaye uya kubona ukuba sithetha ukuthini.
Ingaba iNodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL) yahluke njani kwiHodgkin Lymphoma yakudala?
I-NLPHL ikhula kancinci kuneClassical Hodgkin Lymphoma. Ukuba une-NLPHL, unokunyangeka emva konyango nto leyo ethetha ukuba i-lymphoma iya kumka kwaye ingaphinde ibuye. Kodwa, kwabanye benu, inokubuya. Ngamanye amaxesha inokubuya ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ungaphila ngaphandle kwe-lymphoma iminyaka emininzi.
Ukuba i-NLPHL yakho iyabuya ibizwa ngokuba kukuphinda. Olona phawu lokubuyela kwakhona kusenokuba yi-lymph node edumbileyo engasukiyo. Oku kunokuba entanyeni yakho, ikhwapha, igroin okanye enye indawo yomzimba wakho. Ukuba ufumana ezinye iimpawu, ziya kufana neempawu esizibhale ngasentla.
Ukuhlelwa kunye noHlelo lweHodgkin Lymphoma (HL)
Emva kokuba ugqirha wakho ekufumene ukuba une-HL, baya kufuna ukwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze babone ukuba mangaphi amalungu omzimba wakho aneeseli ze-lymphoma, kunye nokuba zikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
Iqonga lijonge apho ikhoyo i-HL. Khumbula ngaphambili sithethe ngee-lymphocytes zakho. Sifumanise ukuba nangona zenziwe kumongo wethambo lakho kwaye zihlala kwi-lymphatic system yakho, zinokuhamba nakweliphi na ilungu lomzimba wakho. Ngenxa yokuba iiseli ze-lymphocyte zomhlaza, i-HL inokuba kumongo wakho wethambo, inkqubo ye-lymphatic okanye nayiphi na enye inxalenye yomzimba wakho.
Iimvavanyo zeqonga kunye nezikena
Ugqirha wakho uya ku-odola ezinye iiskeni ukuze athathe imifanekiso yangaphakathi emzimbeni wakho ukuze abone ukuba ezi seli ze-HL zizimele phi. Ezi scan zinokuquka:
CT scan (oku mfutshane kwi-computed tomography scan)
I-CT scans ifana ne-X-reyi ekhethekileyo enika umfanekiso ocacileyo wayo yonke into engaphakathi kwesifuba sakho, isisu (indawo yesisu) okanye i-pelvis (kufuphi namathambo e-hip). Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukubona naziphi na ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo okanye amathumba kwezi ndawo kwesi scan.
PET yokuhlola (oku mfutshane kwi-Positron Emission Tomography scan)
I-PET scan ijonga ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho uphela. Iindawo ezine-lymphoma zibukeka ziqaqambile kunezinye iindawo. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube nenaliti esandleni sakho okanye engalweni ngenxa yokuba baya kujova ulwelo oluthile olunceda iiseli ze-lymphoma zikhanyise kumfanekiso wekhompyuter. Abahlengikazi banobuchule kakhulu ekwenzeni oku kwaye baya kukunyamekela ngokukodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho buhlungu kakhulu.
I-MRI scan (Oku mfutshane kumfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance)
Esi scan sisebenzisa iimagnethi ngaphakathi kumatshini ukuthatha imifanekiso yangaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Ayibuhlungu, kodwa ngenxa yokuba kukho imagnethi ejikelezayo kumatshini inokuba nomsindo kakhulu. Abanye abantu abayithandi le ngxolo ukuze ube neyeza lokukwenza ukuba ulale kancinci ngexesha lokuskena, ngoko ayikukhathazi. Usenokude ukwazi ukusebenzisa ii-headphones ezikhethekileyo ukumamela umculo.
Ingaba inqanaba lam leHL linamanani njani?
Iqonga libalwa ukusuka kwinani ukuya kwinani lesine. Ukuba unenqanaba lokuqala okanye amabini uya kuba nenqanaba lokuqala le-HL. Ukuba unenqanaba lesithathu okanye lesine, uya kuba nenqanaba eliphezulu le-HL.
Inqanaba eliphezulu le-HL linokuvakala lisoyika. Kodwa, ngenxa yokuba i-lymphocytes yakho ihamba ngeenxa zonke emzimbeni wakho, i-lymphoma ithathwa njengesifo "senkqubo". Ke, ii-lymphomas eziphambili ezibandakanya i-HL zahluke kakhulu kwezinye ii-cancer ezinezifo eziphambili.
Ngaba inqanaba lam liyachaphazela ukuba ndinonyangwa?
Amathumba amaninzi aqinileyo, afana namathumba ebuchosheni, ibele, izintso kunye nezinye iindawo azinakunyangeka ukuba sele ehambele phambili.
Kodwa i-lymphomas ezininzi zenqanaba eliphezulu zinokunyangwa ngonyango oluchanekileyo, kwaye oku kudla ngokuba yimeko yabantwana kunye nolutsha olune-HL.
Lo mfanekiso ngumzekelo omhle wendlela eyahlukileyo izigaba zinokujonga. Amalungu abomvu abonisa apho i i-lymphoma inokuba kwinqanaba ngalinye - eyakho inokuba a yahluke kancinci, kodwa iza kulandela ngokulinganayo iphethini.
Inqanaba 1 | I-HL yakho ikwindawo ye-lymph node enye, nokuba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwe-diaphragm yakho |
Inqanaba 2 | I-HL yakho ikwiindawo ze-lymph node ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, kodwa kwicala elinye le-diaphragm yakho |
Inqanaba 3 | I-HL yakho ikwindawo enye ye-lymph node ngaphezulu kunye nommandla we-lymph node enye ngaphantsi kwe-diaphragm yakho. |
Inqanaba 4 | I-HL yakho ikwiindawo ezininzi ze-lymph nodes, kwaye isasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho, njengamathambo akho, imiphunga, okanye isibindi. |
Yintoni i-diaphragm yakho?
I-diaphragm yakho sisihlunu esimile njengedome esahlula amalungu asesifubeni sakho, kumalungu akwisisu sakho. Ikwakunceda ukuba uphefumle ngokunceda imiphunga yakho inyuke isehla.
Ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzazi malunga nenqanaba lakho
Kunye nenombolo yeqonga, unganikwa unobumba emva kwenombolo.
Uyakhumbula ukuba sathini ngaphambili malunga ne-B-symptoms? Ziliqela iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke kunye xa une-lymphoma. Ziquka:
- Ukubila ebusuku okumanzisa iimpahla zakho kunye nezinto zokulala
- Umkhuhlane kunye neengqele
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kokuzama
Ukuba ngaba unazo ezi mpawu ze-B uya kuba no-“B” emva kwenombolo yakho yestaging, kodwa ukuba ngaba awunazo iimpawu ze-B uya kuba no-“A” emva kwenombolo yakho.
Ukuba elinye lamalungu akho, anjengemiphunga, isibindi okanye amathambo akho ane-HL uya kuba nonobumba u-“E” emva kwenombolo yakho yeqonga.
Ukuba une-lymph node okanye ithumba elingaphezu kwe-10cm ngobukhulu libizwa ngokuba bulky. Ukuba unesifo esikhulu, uya kuba nonobumba "X" emva kwenombolo yakho yesiteji
Okokugqibela, ukuba udakada lwakho lune-HL kuyo, uya kuba nonobumba “S” emva kwenombolo yakho yeqonga. Udakada lwakho lunceda ukugcina igazi lakho licocekile, kwaye lilungu eliphambili kumajoni akho omzimba. Kulapho uninzi lweeseli zakho zegazi ezimhlophe zihlala kwaye apho i-B-cell lymphocytes yakho yenza amajoni amaninzi okulwa neentsholongwane.
Jonga ukuba ezi zinto zahlukeneyo zingathetha ntoni kule theyibhile ingezantsi.
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Ukuhlelwa kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba enze ukhetho olufanelekileyo malunga nonyango abakunika lona.
Kanye njengomdlalo weqonga, ibakala lakho liya kunikwa njengenani ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwisine. Inokubhalwa njenge G1, G2, G3 okanye G4. Xa i-lymphocytes yakho iba ngumhlaza, iqala ukubonakala ihluke kwii-lymphocytes zakho eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba unenqanaba eliphantsi le-lymphoma efana ne-G1, iiseli zinokukhula ngokucothayo kwaye zohluke kancinci kwii-lymphocytes zakho eziqhelekileyo, kodwa ngebakala eliphezulu, zikhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye azinakujonga njengeeseli zakho eziqhelekileyo.
Okukhona bekhangeleka bengafani, kokukhona bengakwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Nantsi isishwankathelo sebakala ngalinye:
- I-G1 - ibakala eliphantsi - iiseli zakho zijongeka kufutshane nesiqhelo kwaye zikhula kwaye zisasazeka kancinci.
- I-G2 - ibakala eliphakathi - iiseli zakho ziqala ukubonakala ngokwahlukileyo kodwa ezinye iiseli eziqhelekileyo zikhona kwaye zikhula kwaye zisasazeka ngesantya esiphakathi.
- I-G3 – ibakala eliphakamileyo – iiseli zomntwana wakho/iiseli zakho zikhangeleka zahluke kakhulu ngeeseli ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo kwaye zikhula kwaye zinwenwe ngokukhawuleza.
- I-G4 – ibakala eliphezulu – iiseli zomntwana wakho/zakho zikhangeleka zahluke kakhulu kweziqhelekileyo kwaye zikhula kwaye zinwenwe ngokukhawuleza
Olunye uvavanyo
Unokuba nolunye uvavanyo phambi kokuba uqalise unyango, kwaye ngexesha lonyango ukuqinisekisa ukuba umzimba wakho uyakwazi ukumelana namayeza oya kuba nawo. Oku kunokubandakanya:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo
- I-Ultrasound okanye ezinye izikena kunye novavanyo lwamanye amalungu akho kubandakanya intliziyo yakho, imiphunga kunye nezintso
- Iimvavanyo ze-Cytogenetic - ezi ziimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo zokubona ukuba kukho utshintsho kwimizila yakho. Ufuzo lwakho luxelela iiseli ezisemzimbeni wakho ukuba zikhule njani kwaye zisebenze njani. Ukuba kukho utshintsho (olukwabizwa ngokuba lutshintsho okanye utshintsho) kwimizila yakho yemfuza, banokunika imiyalelo engalunganga. Le miyalelo ingalunganga inokubangela umhlaza - njenge-HL ukukhula. Ayinguye wonke umntu oya kuludinga olu vavanyo nangona kunjalo.
- I-Lumbar puncture - Le yinkqubo apho ugqirha afaka inaliti emqolo wakho kufuphi nomnqonqo wakho kwaye akhuphe ulwelo. Oku kuya kwenzeka kuphela ukuba kukho ithuba lokuba i-HL yakho isengqondweni okanye kumqolo wakho, okanye inokusasazeka apho. Abanye abantwana okanye abakwishumi elivisayo banokuba nentwana yokuthomalalisa ukwenza ukuba ulale ngexesha lobu buthongo ukuze kungabikho buhlungu, kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uhlala uthule ngexesha lenkqubo.
Imibuzo kugqirha wakho phambi kokuba uqale unyango
Emva kokuba ugqirha wakho eqokelele lonke ulwazi kwii-biopsies zakho, izikena kunye nolunye uvavanyo; baya kukwazi ukuhlanganisa isicwangciso sokulawula unyango lwakho kwaye bakugcine ukhuselekile. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha baya kuthetha nabanye oogqirha okanye ezinye iingcaphephe ukuze baqinisekise ukuba benza esona sicwangciso singcono sinokwenzeka kuwe. Xa ezi ngcaphephe zidibana ukwenza isicwangciso, sibizwa ngokuba yintlanganiso yeqela lezinto ezininzi – okanye intlanganiso ye-MDT.
Siza kuthetha ngeentlobo zonyango onokulufumana kancinci kweli phepha. Kodwa okokuqala kubalulekile ukuba uzive ukhululekile ukubuza ugqirha wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onayo phambi kokuba uqale unyango. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba wazi into omawuyilindele, kwaye uzive uzithembile.
Kunokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi imibuzo efanelekileyo onokuyibuza. Kodwa ukunyaniseka, akukho mibuzo ilungileyo okanye engalunganga. Wonke umntu wahlukile kwaye imibuzo onayo isenokwahluka kwimibuzo anayo omnye umntwana okanye ofikisayo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba akukho mibuzo isileyo xa kuziwa kwimpilo yakho kunye nonyango. Ngoko zithembe ukuba unokubuza ngayo nantoni na esengqondweni yakho.
Eminye imibuzo ukuze uqalise
Ukukunceda ukuba uqalise siye sahlanganisa eminye imibuzo onokuthi wena okanye abazali/abagcini bakho bakubuze. Ukuba awukakulungeli, okanye ulibale ukubuza imibuzo phambi konyango, kulungile, ungabuza ugqirha okanye umongikazi wakho nangaliphi na ixesha. Kodwa ukwazi iimpendulo phambi kokuba uqalise unyango, kunokukunceda uzive uzithembile.
Ukugcina ukuchuma kwakho (amandla akho okwenza abantwana xa ukhulile)
Phambi kokuba uqalise unyango kukho ezinye izinto onokucinga ngazo. Ndiyazi ukuba mhlawumbi sele unokuninzi ekufuneka ucinge ngako, kodwa ukulungisa izinto phambi kokuba uqalise unyango kunganceda kakhulu kamva.
Enye yeempembelelo zonyango lwe-HL inokwenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa, okanye ukukhulelwa umntu kamva ebomini. Ukufunda ngezinye zezinto ezinokwenziwa ukwandisa amathuba akho okuba nabantwana kamva ebomini, unokubukela le vidiyo ngokucofa umfanekiso ongezantsi.
Unyango lweHodgkin Lymphoma
Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo liya kuthathela ingqalelo izinto ezininzi ngawe phambi kokuba lenze isigqibo sokugqibela malunga nokuba bacinga ukuba lolona nyango lungcono kuwe. Ezinye zezinto abaza kucinga ngazo ziquka:
- Nokuba unohlobo olusezantsi lwe-HL okanye i-Ni-odular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL)
- Mingaphi iminyaka yakho
- Ukuba unezinye izifo okanye ukukhubazeka
- Ukuba unayo nayiphi na i-allergies
- Uziva kakuhle kangakanani emzimbeni (umzimba wakho) nangengqondo (imo yakho kunye neengcinga).
Ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi uyakukuchazela isicwangciso sakho sonyango kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka kuwe. Iziphumo ezingalindelekanga zizinto ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yonyango lwakho, njengokuziva ugula, okanye iinwele zakho ziyawa okanye ezinye izinto ezininzi. Ukuba ngaba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kubalulekile ukuba umazise umongikazi okanye ugqirha wakho ukuze bakuncede uzive ngcono.
Ukuba kukho nantoni na ongayiqondiyo, okanye unexhala, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye umongikazi kwaye umcele ukuba akucacisele izinto.
Ungafowunela okanye uthumele i-imeyile Lymphoma Australia Nurse Helpline ngemibuzo yakho. Sinokukunceda ufumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo. Cofa nje kwi Qhagamshelana nathi iqhosha ezantsi kwesi sikrini.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Unokuba nodidi olunye, okanye iindidi ezininzi ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Ezi ziquka:
Unonophelo oluxhasayo
Ukhathalelo lwenkxaso lunikezelwa ukukunceda uzive ungcono ngexesha lonyango, kwaye uphile ngokukhawuleza.
Kwabanye bakho, iiseli zakho ze-lymphoma zinokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zikhulu kakhulu. Oku kwenza umongo wakho wethambo, umsinga wegazi, i-lymph nodes, isibindi okanye udakada uxinene kakhulu. Ngenxa yoku, usenokungabi neeseli zegazi ezaneleyo ezisempilweni. Unyango oluxhasayo lunokubandakanya ukunika igazi okanye utofelo-gazi lweplatelet ukuqinisekisa ukuba uneeseli zegazi ezaneleyo ezisempilweni.
Ukuba unosulelo, unokuba ne-antibiotics ukukunceda ukuba ubengcono ngokukhawuleza. Kwezinye iimeko unokuba neyeza ekuthiwa yi-GCSF ukunceda umzimba wakho wenze iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezingakumbi ukulwa usulelo.
Unyango oluxhasayo lunokubandakanya ukuzisa elinye iqela elibizwa ngokuba liqela lokhathalelo lokuthomalalisa. Iqela lokhathalelo lokuthomalalisa lilungile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukhululekile, kwaye uphucula iimpawu zakho okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezinye zezinto abanokukunceda ngazo ziquka intlungu, ukuziva ugula okanye ukuziva unexhala okanye ukuxhalaba. Basenokukunceda ukucwangcisa indlela yokulawula impilo yakho kwixesha elizayo.
Luluvo olulungileyo ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi ukuba loluphi unyango oluxhasayo olunokuba lulungile kuwe.
Unyango ngemitha (radiotherapy)
Iradiationtherapy isebenzisa i-radiation ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Kufana neeX-reyi zamandla aphezulu kwaye unokuzifumana yonke imihla kangangeeveki ezimbalwa, ngokwesiqhelo ukusuka ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza, ukukunceda ukuba uxole – apho umhlaza ungasabonakali (kodwa unokuza kamva), okanye unokusetyenziswa ukulawula iimpawu ezithile.
Ezinye iimpawu ezinokunyangwa ngeradiotherapy ziquka iintlungu okanye ubuthathaka. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba i-lymphoma yakho ibeka uxinzelelo kwiimbilini zakho, umqolo okanye ezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho. I-radiotherapy yenza i-lymphoma (ithumba) ibe ncinci ukuze ingaqhubeki ibeka uxinzelelo kwimithambo-luvo okanye amalungu omzimba wakho ibangela iintlungu kuwo.
Ikhemotherapy (ikhemo)
Unokuba nekhemo njengepilisi kunye/okanye ube nayo njengethontsi (ukufakwa) kwimithambo yakho (kwigazi lakho) kwikliniki yomhlaza okanye esibhedlele. Ngesiqhelo ubuya kuba nodidi olunye lwekhemo. I-Chemo ibulala iiseli ezikhula ngokukhawuleza, ngoko inokuchaphazela ezinye iiseli zakho ezilungileyo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza ezibangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
I-Monoclonal Antibody (MAB)
Ii-MAB zinikezelwa njenge-infusion kwaye zifake kwiseli ye-lymphoma kwaye zitsale ezinye izifo ezilwa neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeprotheni kwiiseli ze-lymphoma. Oku kunceda amajoni akho omzimba akwazi ukulwa ne-HL. Kwezinye iimeko, i-MAB inokudityaniswa kwelinye iyeza elibulala ngokuthe ngqo iiseli ze-lymphoma ezinomhlaza. Ezi MAB zibizwa ngokuba yi-conjugated MABS.
Iiimmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)
Ii-ICs zinikwa njenge-infusion kwaye zisebenzela ukuphucula amajoni akho omzimba, ukuze umzimba wakho ukwazi ukulwa nomhlaza wakho. Benza oku ngokuthintela ezinye izithintelo zokukhusela iiseli ze-lymphoma ezibekwe, ezenza zingabonakali kumajoni akho omzimba. Nje ukuba imiqobo isusiwe, amajoni akho omzimba anokubona kwaye alwe nomhlaza. Ezi aziqhelekanga ukusetyenziswa kubantwana kunye nolutsha abane-Hodgkin Lymphoma, ngaphandle kokuba ukulingo lwezonyango.
Ufakelo lwe-Stem-cell (SCT)
Ukuba umncinci kwaye unobundlobongela (ukhula ngokukhawuleza) i-HL i-SCT ingasetyenziswa. Iiseli zestem zinceda ukutshintsha iiseli zakho ezimbi ngeeseli ezilungile, ezisempilweni ezinokukhula zibe naluphi na uhlobo lweseli yegazi oyifunayo.
CAR T-cell Therapy
Ukufunda ngakumbi ngonyango lwe-CAR T-cell, nceda ujonge iphepha lethu lewebhu I-Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) unyango lwe-T-cell.
Abazali kunye nabantwana abadala - Ukuba ungathanda ulwazi oluthe kratya ngolu nyango, nceda ubone iphepha lethu lewebhu Unyango apha.
Unyango LokuQala
Ukuqala ngoNyango lweHodgkin Lymphoma (HL)
Xa uqala unyango, unokuziva ufana nendoda ekule foto. Kodwa ukwazi ukuba ulindele ntoni kunokwenza kube lula. Ngoko qhubeka ufunda yaye sikuxelele ngoko kunokwenzeka.
Ixesha lokuqala unodidi lonyango lubizwa ngokuba lunyango lodidi lokuqala. Xa uqala unyango, uya kuba nalo kwimijikelo. Oko kuthetha ukuba uya kuba nonyango, emva koko ikhefu, emva koko omnye umjikelo (umjikelo) wonyango.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kunikezelwa njengokufakwa kwi-vein yakho. Uninzi lwabantwana kunye nabakwishumi elivisayo kuya kufuneka babe nesixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-tunneled catheter ekufakwe kuyo iyeza. I-catheter enetonela iyasetyenziswa ngoko ke akuyi kufuneka ukuba ube naliti ngalo lonke ixesha unonyango okanye uvavanyo lwegazi. Ungafumana ulwazi kwi-catheter edibeneyo ngokucofa iqhosha elingezantsi.
Ukubona ngakumbi malunga neentlobo zonyango lodidi lokuqala onokuba nalo, nceda ucofe kwibhena ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni unayo Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL), okanye classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Khumbula ukuba iHodgkin Lymphoma yakudala ibandakanya:
- I-Nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma (NS-cHL)
- I-Mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin lymphoma (MC- cHL)
- Lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma (LR-cHL)
- I-Lymphocyte-depleted classical Hodgkin lymphoma (LD- cHL)
Unyango lwe-Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) lwahluke kakhulu kwi-classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Ukuba unenqanaba lokuqala le-NLPHL unyango lwakho lunokubandakanya enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:
- Jonga kwaye ulinde uqwalaselo olusebenzayo de iimpawu zifuna ukunyangwa.
- I-Radiotherapy kuphela.
- Utyando, ukuba ithumba linokususwa ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukudibanisa ichemotherapy kunye okanye ngaphandle kwedosi ephantsi yeradiotherapy yangaphandle. I-Chemotherapy inokubandakanya amayeza abizwa ngokuba:
- I-AVPC (i-doxorubicin, i-vincristine, i-cyclophosphamide kunye ne-steroid ebizwa ngokuba yi-prednisone)
- I-CVP (i-cyclophosphamide, i-vincristine kunye ne-steroid ebizwa ngokuba yi-prednisone)
- I-COG-ABVE-PC (i-doxorubicin, i-bleomycin, i-vincristine, i-etoposide, i-cyclophosphamide kunye ne-steroid ebizwa ngokuba yi-prednisone).
- I-Rituximab - eli yeza lilawulwa nge-intravenously. Yi-monoclonal antibody ejolise kwi-receptor ebizwa ngokuba yi-CD20 kwiiseli ze-B, kwaye isebenze kakuhle kakhulu ukunyanga ezinye iindidi ze-B-cell lymphoma.
- Ukuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango – apho unokufumana khona ukuzama iintlobo ezintsha okanye ezahlukeneyo zamayeza okanye unyango.
I-Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) yi-lymphoma ekhula ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke unyango kufuneka luqale ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba ufunyanisiwe. Unyango oluqhelekileyo lwabantwana kunye nolutsha abane-cHL yindibaniselwano yechemotherapy. Abanye abantwana kunye nabaselula bafumana i-radiotherapy kwiindawo ezithile ze-lymphoma emva kwe-chemotherapy.
Ugqirha unokucebisa olunye lwezi nyango zilandelayo zonyango lwe-hodgkin lymphoma yabantwana:
I-COG-ABVE-PC
Le protocol ibandakanya i-steroid ebizwa ngokuba yi-prednisolone kunye namayeza e-chemotherapy ebizwa
- yomsoxin
- ibleomycin
- vincristine
- etoposide
- cyclophosphamide
Uya kuba nalo rhoqo kwiintsuku ezingama-21 (iiveki ezi-3) kwimijikelo emi-4 ukuya kwemi-6.
I-Bv-AVECP
Le protocol ibandakanya i-steroid prednisolone, kunye ne-MAB edibeneyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-brentuximab vedotin kunye namayeza e-chemotherapy abizwa ngokuba:
- I-Doxorubicin
- UVincristine
- I-Etoposide
- cyclophosphamide
Ukuba uneminyaka eli-15 okanye ngaphezulu ungafumana unyango lwakho kwisibhedlele sabantwana okanye kwisibhedlele sabadala. Imigaqo yonyango kwisibhedlele sabadala inokwahluka kwezi sizidwelise ngasentla. Ukuba ufumana unyango lwakho kwisibhedlele sabantu abadala, ungafumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe kweyethu Hodgkin Lymphoma ukuba abadala page apha.
Umgca wesibini kunye nonyango oluqhubekayo lweHodgkin Lymphoma (HL)
Emva konyango uninzi lwenu luya kuxolelwa. Uxolelo lixesha apho ungenazo iimpawu ze-HL ezishiyekileyo emzimbeni wakho, okanye xa i-HL iphantsi kolawulo kwaye ayifuni unyango. Eli xesha linokuhlala iminyaka emininzi, kodwa kunqabile, i-HL yakho inokuphinda ibuyele (buya). Xa oku kusenzeka, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukukunika olunye unyango.
Kwezinye iimeko, awunakungena kuxolelo ngonyango lwakho lodidi lokuqala. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, iHL yakho ibizwa ngokuba “yirefractory”. Ukuba une-HL ye-refractory ugqirha wakho mhlawumbi uya kufuna ukuzama iyeza elahlukileyo. I-HL yakho isenokuthiwa i-refractory ukuba unonyango kwaye uxolile, kodwa uxolelo luhlala ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6.
Unyango lwe-Refractory kunye ne-Relapsed Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL)
Unyango onalo ukuba ngaba une-HL ye-refractory okanye emva kokuba ubuyele kwakhona lubizwa ngokuba lunyango lodidi lwesibini. Injongo yonyango lodidi lwesibini kukukufaka eluxolweni kwakhona, okanye okokuqala kwaye lunokusebenza kakhulu.
Ukuba unoxolelo olongezelelweyo, emva koko ubuyele kwakhona kwaye ube nonyango olongezelelweyo, olu nyango lulandelayo lubizwa ngokuba lunyango lodidi lwesithathu, unyango lodidi lwesine kunye nokunye.
Ungadinga iintlobo ezininzi zonyango lwe-HL yakho. Iingcali zifumanisa unyango olutsha nolusebenzayo ngakumbi olonyusa ubude boxolelo kwaye lunceda ukukugcina usempilweni ngexesha nasemva konyango.
Ugqirha uza kundikhethela njani olona nyango lulungileyo?
Ngexesha lokuphinda, ukhetho lonyango luya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi ezibandakanya.
- Uxolelwe ixesha elingakanani
- Impilo yakho jikelele kunye nobudala bakho
- Loluphi unyango/ii-HL ozifumeneyo kwixesha elidlulileyo
- Ukhetho lwakho.
Ugqirha wakho uya kuba nakho ukuthetha nawe nabazali bakho okanye abagcini bakho malunga nolona nyango lungcono lodidi lwesibini kuwe.
Iimpembelelo eziPhakamileyo zoNyango lweHodgkin Lymphoma
Nangona unyango lwe-HL lusebenza kakhulu ekususeni i-HL, ngamanye amaxesha lunokuthiwa ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Oko kuthetha ukuba banokwenza utshintsho olungafunekiyo okanye iimpawu. Ezi zihlala ixesha elifutshane kuphela, kodwa ezinye zihlala ixesha elide, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uxelele ugqirha okanye umongikazi wakho ngazo naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga onazo.
Iziphumo zakho ebezingalindelekanga zinokwahluka komnye umntu one-HL kuba sonke sahlukile kwaye siphendula ngokwahlukileyo kunyango. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango onalo.
Ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi uya kuba nakho ukukuxelela malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga onokuzifumana ngokusekelwe kunyango onalo.
Esinye seziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwe-Hodgkin lymphoma lubalo lwegazi eliphantsi, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwazi kancinci ezi seli zegazi.
Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi
Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziiseli ezenza igazi lakho libonakale libomvu. Baneprotheyini kubo ebizwa ngokuba yihemoglobin (Hb) esebenza kancinane njengeteksi. Ichola ioksijini kwimiphunga yakho xa uphefumla ngaphakathi, ize ke ithathe ioksijini iyise kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho ukuze ikunike amandla. Emva koko ithatha ikharbon diokside emzimbeni wakho ize iyibuyisele emiphungeni yakho ukuze uyikhuphe xa uphefumla ngaphandle.
Xa iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi okanye i-Hb iphantsi unokuziva udiniwe, unesiyezi, uphelelwa ngumoya kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ube nengxaki yokugxila. Ukuba unazo ezi mpawu, nceda uxelele ugqirha wakho.
Iiplatelets
IiPlatelets ziiseli ezikhethekileyo egazini lakho ezinombala otyheli. Zibaluleke kakhulu xa uzilimaza okanye uziqhuma. Zinceda ukuba ungophi okanye ugruzuke kakhulu. Xa uzilimaza, iiplatelets zakho zibaleka ukuya kwindawo eyonzakeleyo kwaye zinamathelane phezu kwesikali okanye isilonda ukukumisa ukopha. Xa iiplatelet zethu zisezantsi kakhulu, ungopha okanye ugruzuke lula kunesiqhelo. Ngoko ukuba uqaphela igazi elincinci xa uhlamba amazinyo akho, uye kwindlu yangasese okanye uvuthela ngoku, okanye unemikrwelo engaphezulu kunesiqhelo, kubalulekile ukukwazisa ugqirha.
Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe
I-lymphocytes yakho luhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi, kodwa unazo nezinye iintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ezona ziphambili oza kufuneka wazi ngazo ziineutrophils kunye ne-lymphocytes. Zonke iiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi ziyinxalenye yamajoni akho omzimba. Oku kuthetha ukuba, zonke ziintsholongwane ezinokuthi zikugulise. Bakwazi ukulwa ezi ntsholongwane, ngoko ke amaxesha amaninzi sisempilweni. Kodwa, ukuba iiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi azisebenzi kakuhle, okanye ukuba awonelanga, unokugula.
Iineutrophils zakho zezokuqala kwiiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi ukuqaphela kunye nokulwa iintsholongwane. Emva koko bavumela ezinye iiseli ezimhlophe, njenge-lymphocytes zakho zazi ukuba kukho iintsholongwane emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba ezi ziphantsi ungagula ngosulelo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka unga:
- yiva ugula
- ufumane umkhuhlane (38° okanye ngaphezulu) kwaye ulusu lwakho lungaziva lushushu
- Yiba ngcangcazela okanye ugodole (uzive ugodola ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho kwaye uqale ukungcangcazela)
- abe nesilonda esibonakala sibomvu okanye i-pusey
- intliziyo yakho inokubetha ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo
- uzive unesiyezi kwaye udiniwe
Kubalulekile ukuba umazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba oku kuyenzeka xa uneHodgkin Lymphoma, nokuba kuyenzeka ezinzulwini zobusuku. Ukuba ugqirha wakho akakho, kufuneka uye esibhedlele ukuze ufumane iyeza elibizwa ngokuba zii-antibiotics ukunceda ukulwa usulelo.
Nantsi itheyibhile ekhawulezayo nelula enolwazi oluthe kratya kwiiseli zakho zegazi.
Iiseli ezimhlophe | Iiseli ezibomvu | Iiplatelets | |
Igama lezonyango | I-leukocytes. Ezinye iileukocyte ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule IiNeutrophils kunye neLymphocytes | I-Erythrocyte | IiThrombocytes |
Benze ntoni? | Ukulwa Usulelo | Phatha ioksijini | Yeka ukopha |
Kubizwa ntoni xa ungoneli kwezi seli? | I-Neutropenia kunye ne-lymphopenia | Anemia | Thrombocytopenia |
Inokuwuchaphazela njani umzimba wam ukuba ndingoneli? | Uza kufumana usulelo oluninzi kwaye unokuba nobunzima bokuzikhupha nokuba uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane | Unokuba nolusu oluluthuthu, uzive udiniwe, uphefumla nzima, ugodola kwaye unesiyezi | Usenokugruzuka ngokulula, okanye wopha okungayeki ngokukhawuleza xa usikekile |
Liza kwenza ntoni iqela lam elinyangayo ukulungisa oku? |
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** Ukuba zonke iiseli zakho zegazi ziphantsi kubizwa ngokuba 'i-pancytopenia kwaye ungafuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ukuze uzilungise** | |||
Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga onokuzifumana zezi:
- ukuziva ugula esiswini (isicaphucaphu) kunye nokugabha
- umlomo obuhlungu okanye izilonda. Izinto zisenokuqalisa ukungcamla ngokwahlukileyo
- utshintsho xa usiya kwindlu yangasese. Usenokuba nedama eliqinileyo (ukuqhinwa) okanye ihwanqa elithambileyo nelimanzi (urhudo)
- ukudinwa okanye ukungabi namandla akuncedi kukuphumla okanye ukulala (ukudinwa)
- iintlungu kunye neentlungu kwizihlunu kunye namalungu akho
- Iinwele zakho entloko, kunye namanye amalungu omzimba wakho asenokuwa
- kunokuba nzima ukugxila okanye ukukhumbula izinto
- iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga ezandleni nasezinyaweni zakho ezifana nokuntlithwa, izikhonkwane kunye neenaliti, ukutshisa okanye intlungu
- utshintsho kwiiseli zakho zegazi ezilungileyo (jonga le theyibhile ingentla).
Uvavanyo lwezonyango
Sicebisa ukuba usoloko ubuza ugqirha wakho malunga naluphi na ulingo lwezonyango onokuthi ulufanele.
Ulingo lwezonyango lubalulekile ukufumana amayeza amatsha, okanye indibaniselwano yamayeza ukuphucula unyango lwe-HL kwilixa elizayo. Basenokukunika ithuba lokuzama iyeza elitsha, indibaniselwano yamayeza okanye olunye unyango onokulufumana kuphela ukuba ukulingo. Unyango lwe-CAR T-cell ngumzekelo wohlobo lonyango okwangoku kulingo lwezonyango.
Ukuba unomdla wokuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango, cela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba kukho na ofanele ukuwenza.
I-Prognosis, i-Care-up Care & Survivorship - ukuhlala kunye nasemva kwe-HL
Prognosis
I-prognosis yakho ibhekisa kwindlela i-HL yakho eya kusabela ngayo kunyango kunye nendlela oya kuphila ngayo emva konyango.
Uninzi lwabantu abane-Hodgkin lymphoma banyangwa emva konyango lodidi lokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, oku akunjalo kumntu wonke. Ukuba i-HL yakho ayihambi emva konyango (awungeni kuxolelo), uya kuba ne-“refractory” HL. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-HL yakho ayiphenduli kunyango lwangoku, ngoko ugqirha wakho uya kuzama enye into.
Ukuba ngaba uye wangena kuxolelo emva konyango, kodwa lubuya emva kwethuba lubizwa ngokuba kukuphinda. Into entsha entle kukuba, i-Hodgkin lymphoma ene-refractory nephinde yabuyela umva idla ngokusabela kakuhle kunyango lodidi lwesibini.
Kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokuchaphazela i-prognosis yakho, kodwa ugqirha wakho ngoyena mntu ungcono ukuthetha naye malunga noku njengoko ezazi zonke iinkcukacha zakho. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba yintoni i-prognosis yakho, vele ubabuze kwixesha elizayo xa ubabona.
Ukhathalelo lokulandela
Ukhathalelo olufumana koogqirha kunye nabongikazi bakho alupheli xa ugqiba unyango. Ngapha koko, basafuna ukukubona rhoqo ukuze bazi ukuba uqhuba njani kwaye bajonge ukuba awunazo naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezithatha ixesha elide kunyango. Baza kuququzelela iskena ukuze uqiniseke ukuba i-HL yakho ayibuyi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uye kuzo zonke ezi dinga bakwenzele zona, ukuze naziphi na iimpawu zokuphinda ugule okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezitsha zibanjwe kwangethuba kwaye ugcinwe usempilweni kwaye ukhuselekile.
Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango zinokuqala ixesha elide emva kokuba ugqibile unyango. Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide zinokubandakanya:
- ukudinwa okuqhubekayo
- umlomo owomileyo - oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo samazinyo
- iingxaki ngokukhula kwamathambo kunye nophuhliso lwamalungu esini kumadoda
- iingxaki zedlala lengqula, intliziyo nemiphunga
- ukwanda komngcipheko womnye umhlaza onjengomhlaza webele (ukuba ubunemitha esifubeni sakho), i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma, i-leukemia ebukhali okanye umhlaza wethyroid.
- yokungazali
Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko ngokuxilongwa rhoqo kunye nogqirha wakho, kunye nokwenza ukhetho olunempilo ebomini kunokunciphisa ifuthe lexesha elide kunye neziphumo ezisemva kwexesha kumaxhoba e-HL ixesha elide.
Ukusinda - ukuhlala kunye nasemva kweHodgkin Lymphoma
Iinjongo eziphambili emva konyango lwakho lwe-HL kukubuyela ebomini kwaye:
- khuthala kangangoko unako esikolweni sakho, kusapho lwakho, kwihlokondiba kunye nakwezinye iindima zobomi
- ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neempawu ze-HL kunye nonyango lwayo
- chonga kwaye ulawule naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga emva kwexesha
- kukunceda ufumane ukuzimela kangangoko
- phucula umgangatho wobomi bakho kwaye ugcine impilo entle yengqondo
Ukwenza ukhetho olunempilo
Indlela yokuphila esempilweni, okanye utshintsho oluthile lwendlela yokuphila entle emva konyango lunokuba luncedo olukhulu ekuchacheni kwakho. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukukunceda ukuba uphile kakuhle noHL. Ziquka:
- zilolonge rhoqo – gcina umzimba wakho ushukuma
- ukutya okunempilo ixesha elininzi
- Thetha ngendlela oziva ngayo nabantu obathembileyo
- kuphephe ukutshaya (ukutshaya)
- phumla xa umzimba wakho udiniwe
- vumela ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho, olufana nelinye iqhuma elikhulayo, ukufumana umkhuhlane okanye ukubila ebusuku.
Ukubuyisela kwisimo somhlaza
Kungathatha ixesha ukubuyela kwisimo sesiqhelo, yiba nomonde kuwe, umzimba wakho ubutyhubela izinto ezininzi. Ukuba uyasokola ngokwenene ukubuyela kwisimo sesiqhelo, ungathetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba loluphi uhlobo lokubuyisela kwisimo somhlaza olukhoyo kuwe.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokubuyisela umhlaza zingacetyiswa kuwe. Oku kungathetha naluphi na uluhlu olubanzi weenkonzo ezifana:
- unyango lomzimba, ulawulo lweentlungu
- isicwangciso sesondlo kunye nokuzilolonga
- ingcebiso ngokweemvakalelo, umsebenzi kunye nemali
Amaxwebhu enyaniso esinawo ngawe kwiwebhusayithi
Sinezinye iingcebiso ezintle kwiinkcukacha zethu ezingezantsi:
- Uloyiko lokuphindaphinda umhlaza kunye nexhala lokuskena
- Ukulawulwa kokulala kunye ne-lymphoma
- Ukuzivocavoca kunye ne-lymphoma
- Ukukhathala kunye ne-lymphoma
- Ukwabelana ngesondo kunye nokusondelana
- Impembelelo yemvakalelo yokuxilongwa kwe-lymphoma kunye nonyango
- Impembelelo yemvakalelo yokuphila ne-lymphoma
- Impembelelo yemvakalelo ye-lymphoma emva kokugqiba unyango lwe-lymphoma
- Ukunyamekela umntu oneLymphoma
- Impembelelo yeemvakalelo ye-lymphoma ephindaphindayo okanye i-refractory
- Unyango olongezelelweyo kunye nolunye: iLymphoma
- Ukuzinyamekela kunye neLymphoma
- Isondlo kunye neLymphoma
