Amanani e-Lymphoma
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I-Lymphoma ikhula xa iijini zakho zitshintsha ngenxa yomonakalo okanye utshintsho, okubangela ukuba isifo sakho sokulwa ne-lymphocyte sikhule ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye sibe nomhlaza. Imizila yethu yemfuza inikela imiyalelo yendlela i-lymphocyte emele yenziwe ngayo, ikhule, iziphathe ngayo nexesha emele ife ngayo.
Ngenxa yotshintsho lwezofuzo, i-lymphocytes iqala ukwenza into engalunganga, kuba ayisafumani imiyalelo echanekileyo kwimizila yakho. Endaweni yokuba zikhule ngendlela elungeleleneyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, zigcina nje zisenza iiseli ezonakalisiweyo ezininzi ezinemizila yemfuza eguqukileyo.
Asazi ukuba kutheni le nto isenzeka. Akukho sizathu esicacileyo se-lymphoma kwaye akukho ndlela yokuxelela ukuba ngubani oya kuyifumana kwaye ngubani ongayi kuyifumana.
Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ziye zachongwa, kwaye ezi zizinto ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokufumana i-lymphoma, kodwa ayisiyiyo isizathu.
Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi komngcipheko kunye nonobangela?
A umngcipheko yinto eyandisa amathuba akho okufumana i-lymphoma, kodwa ayithethi ukuba uya kufumana i-lymphoma.
Cinga ngeloto. Ukuba uthenga amatikiti amaninzi kunomnye umntu, unamathuba amaninzi okuphumelela. Kodwa akukho siqinisekiso sokuba uya kuphumelela kwaye, umntu onamatikiti amancinci akanakwenzeka, kodwa usenokuphumelela.
Kuyafana nangemiba yomngcipheko. Ukuba unomngcipheko ophezulu ithuba wokufumana i-lymphoma kunomntu ongenaye umngcipheko, kodwa akuthethi ukuba uya kuyifumana. Kwaye, ngenxa yokuba umntu akanalo umngcipheko, akuthethi ukuba abayi kufumana i-lymphoma.
Ngoko umngcipheko ufana nomdlalo wamathuba.
Nakuba into oonobangela isifo, siyazi ukuba ukuba loo nto iyenzeka, isifo siya kulandela kwaye, ukuba loo nto ayenzeki, akuyi kubakho sifo.
Unokucinga ngesizathu esifana nokupheka iqanda. Siyazi ukuba xa uqhekeza iqanda livule, lifake epanini kwaye unyuse ubushushu liza kupheka. Kodwa xa uyiqhekezile, yifake epanini kodwa ungawuvuthi bushushu, iqanda liya kuhlala apho lingaze livuthwe.
Bubushushu obubangela ukuba iqanda lipheke. Akusiyo ingozi, kuba ngalo lonke ixesha uvula ukushisa kule meko iqanda liya kupheka, kwaye rhoqo kungabikho ukushisa, iqanda aliyi kupheka.
UGq Mary Ann Anderson –iGqirha ngegazi ovela
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre kunye nesibhedlele saseRoyal Melbourne sithetha malunga nokuba kutheni i-lymphoma ikhula.
Zeziphi izinto ezaziwayo zomngcipheko?
Ngezantsi uya kufumana izinto ezinobungozi ezaziwa ukwandisa ithuba lakho lokufumana i-lymphoma okanye i-CLL. Ayizizo zonke izinto ezinobungozi ezichaphazelekayo kuzo zonke ii-subtypes ze-lymphoma nangona kunjalo. Apho kukho i-subtype ethile ehambelana neemeko zomngcipheko songeze i-subtype.
Ukuba ungathanda ukufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-subtype yakho, ungacofa kwikhonkco elingezantsi. Kungenjalo, cofa utolo olusecaleni kwemiba yomngcipheko engezantsi ukuze ufunde ngakumbi.
Njengoko unokubona kwibhena ephezulu kwiphepha, i-lymphoma ngowona mhlaza uxhaphakileyo kwabaselula kunye nabaselula abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-15-29 ubudala. I-Hodgkin Lymphoma ixhaphake kakhulu kweli qela lobudala, kodwa banokufumana i-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. I-Lymphoma ikwangowesithathu umhlaza oxhaphakileyo kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-3 ubudala.
Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wokufumana i-lymphoma uyanda kunye nobudala. Uninzi lwabantu abane-lymphoma okanye i-CLL baneminyaka engama-60 okanye ngaphezulu.
I-Lymphoma ayizuzwa njengelifa kubazali bakho kodwa, ukuba unelungu lentsapho eline-lymphoma okanye i-CLL unokuba nomngcipheko okhulayo wokuyiphuhlisa.
Oku akubangelwa sisifo sosapho, kodwa kungenxa yokuba iintsapho zinokuchanabeka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemingcipheko - njengemichiza okanye usulelo. okanye ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela enokuthi iqhube kwiintsapho.
Amajoni ethu omzimba ayasikhusela kusulelo nakwizifo, kwaye ikwanceda ekulungiseni nasekutshabalaliseni iiseli ezonakeleyo okanye ezinomhlaza. Ukuba sele undwendwele iphepha lethu lewebhu kwi Ukuqonda i-lymphatic kunye ne-immune system, ungayijonga ngokucofa apha.
Ukuba unesistim somzimba esicinezelekileyo-ithetha ukuba ayisebenzi njengoko kufanelekile, unokuba semngciphekweni owongeziweyo wosulelo kunye nokuphuhlisa i-lymphoma.
Izinto ezinokucinezela amajoni akho omzimba ziquka ezi zilandelayo.
Amayeza e-immunosuppressive kunye nonyango
Ukuba uthatha amayeza ukucinezela amajoni akho omzimba kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-lymphoma kunye nezinye ii-cancer. Imizekelo yezi ingabandakanya amayeza athathwe kwizifo ezizimelayo, okanye emva kokufakelwa kwelungu okanye i-allogeneic stem cell transplant. I-Lymphomas ekhula emva kofakelo ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD)".
Unyango ngamachiza kunye nolunye unyango oluchasene nomhlaza olufana neradiotherapy kunye nezinye izilwa-buhlungu ze-monoclonal nazo zinokucinezela amajoni akho omzimba.
Hlala uthetha nogqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iingozi ezinokubangelwa ngamayeza akho kunye nolunye unyango.
Ukuphazamiseka komzimba
Iziphazamiso ze-Immunodeficiency ziziphazamiso kumajoni akho omzimba. Abantu banokuzalwa benezi ngxaki okanye bazifumane kamva ebomini.
Iziphazamiso eziphambili ze-immune zezo ozalwa nazo kwaye zinokubandakanya:
- I-Congenital X-inxulumene ne-immunodeficiency
- Ataxia Telangiectasia
- Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Iziphazamiso zeSecondary immunodeficiency ziimeko "esizifumanayo" ngexesha lobomi bethu, okanye ezenzeka ngenxa yesinye isizathu - njengaxa ichemotherapy ibangela. i-neutropenia okukhokelela ekuswelekeni komzimba. I-Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (uGawulayo) lolunye uhlobo lwesifo sesibini sokusilela kwamajoni omzimba, esidla ngokubangelwa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo (human immunodeficiency virus) (HIV).
Izifo ezizenzekelayo
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Autoimmune ziimeko apho amajoni akho omzimba aqala ukuhlasela iiseli zakho ezisempilweni. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune, kwaye ezinye zichongiwe njengokwandisa umngcipheko wezinye ii-subtypes ze-lymphoma ezibandakanya:
- I-Sjogren's syndrome - ingozi eyandayo i-splenic kunye ne-MALT ye-marginal zone lymphomas.
- IHashimoto's thyroiditis - yonyusa umngcipheko wokuba I-MALT ye-lymphoma ye-marginal zone.
- Isifo seCeliac - kwandisa umngcipheko we-Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma (EATL), eyona nxalenye ye I-Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL)
- I-Rheumatoid arthritis - yonyusa umngcipheko wokuba i-splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma kwaye Ukusasaza i-B-Cell Lymphoma enkulu.
Ezinye izifo zinokwandisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-lymphoma. Amaxesha amaninzi olu sulelo lusulelo esilufumana ebuntwaneni kwaye ezininzi azinakuthintelwa. Nangona ezi zifo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuphuhlisa i-lymphoma kamva ebomini, abantu abaninzi abaye bafumana ezi zifo abaphuhlisi i-lymphoma, kwaye abantu abangazange bafumane le ntsholongwane banokufumana i-lymphoma.
I-Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
I-EBV ichongiwe njengomngcipheko weentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-lymphoma. Luhlobo lwentsholongwane ye-herpes enokutshintsha indlela yethu yokusebenza kweeseli ze-B. I-EBV yintsholongwane ebangela i-glaular fever, ekwabizwa ngamanye amaxesha "sisifo sokuncamisa" kuba inokudluliselwa ngamathe. Kwakhona ngamanye amaxesha kwaziwa ngokuba yi-mononucleosis okanye "mono". Ezinye ii-subtypes ze-lymphoma ezinxulumene ne-EBV ziquka:
- IBurkitt Lymphoma
- Ukusasaza i-B-cell Lymphoma enkulu
- IHodgkin Lymphoma
- T-cell Lymphomas
- Emva kokutshintshwa kwe-lymphoproliferative disorder emva kokutshintshwa i-allogeneic stem cell transplant.
IHelicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori)
H. Pylori lusulelo olubangela izilonda zesisu, kwaye kwandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuphuhlisa Gastric MALT Marginal Zone Lymphoma.
Campylobacter jejuni & Borrelia burgdorferi
I-Campylobacter jejuni yibhaktheriya ehlala ibangela ukutyhelwa kokutya kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo ngumkhuhlane kunye nesifo sohudo. I-Borrelia burgdorferi lusulelo lwebhaktheriya olubangela isifo seLyme.
Zombini ezi zifo zebhaktiriya zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokukhula MALT Marginal Zone Lymphoma.
Iintlobo zentsholongwane ye-T-lymphotropic yabantu 1 kunye ne-2
Le ntsholongwane inqabile eOstreliya kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kumazantsi eJapan nakwiCaribbean nangona kunjalo, isafumaneka kwezinye iindawo zaseOstreliya. Isasazwa ngokwabelana ngesondo okungakhuselekanga nomntu onentsholongwane, igazi elosulelekileyo okanye iinaliti kunye nobisi lwebele. Intsholongwane ye-T-lymphotropic yomntu inokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuphuhlisa uhlobo oluncinci lwe-lymphoma ebizwa Umntu omdala T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo (i-HIV)
I-HIV yintsholongwane enokubangela i-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Idluliselwa ngokwabelana ngesondo okungakhuselekanga nomntu onentsholongwane, igazi elosulelekileyo kunye neenaliti, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukusuka kumama ukuya emntwaneni ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukuzalwa okanye ukuncancisa. Ukuba ne-HIV kunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho we-Hodgkin kunye ne-Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. I-HIV okanye ii-lymphomas ezinxulumene ne-AIDS zinobundlongondlongo kwezona lymphomas zixhaphakileyo ezinxulumene ne-AIDS Ukusasaza i-B-Cell Lymphoma enkulu kwaye IBurkitt Lymphoma, nangona inokunyusa umngcipheko wakho woku Inkqubo yasePrayimari yeNervous Lymphoma kunye nePrimary Effusion Lymphoma.
Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV8) – ekwabizwa ngokuba yiKaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV)
I-HHV8 ikwabizwa ngokuba yiKaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus kuba inokubangela iKaposi sarcoma, engumhlaza onqabileyo wegazi kunye nemithambo ye-lymph. Nangona kunjalo, ichongiwe njengomngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-lymphoma enqabileyo kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yiPrimary Effusion Lymphoma.
Intsholongwane yeHepatitis C (HCV)
I-HCV lusulelo olubangela ukudumba kwisibindi sakho. Isenokubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-cryoglobulinemia enokubangela ukukhula okungalawulekiyo kweeseli - kodwa ayinawo umhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, inokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ibe ngumhlaza, yandisa ingozi yakho B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas.
Ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali ezithile kuchongiwe njengento enobungozi kwi-Hodgkin Lymphoma kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Umngcipheko wakho uyanda ukuba usebenzisa okanye uvelisa ezi mveliso.
Unokuba nomngcipheko owongezelelweyo wokuphuhlisa i-lymphoma ukuba usebenza kwiindawo ezisebenzisayo okanye iimveliso zomvelisi ezifana:
- inambuzane
- herbicides
- imichiza yokungunda
- izinto ezosulelayo
- izinyibilikisi
- Iipeyinti
- amafutha
- ioyile
- Uthuli
- iidayi zeenwele.
Ukuba usebenza kwezi ndawo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba usebenzise izixhobo ezicetyiswayo zokuzikhusela kwishishini lakho kunye nemveliso.
Olunye uphando lucebise ukuba amafama, abasebenza ngamaplanga, abahloli benyama kunye noogqirha bezilwanyana banokuba nomngcipheko owongeziweyo, nangona kunjalo uphando oluninzi luyafuneka ukuqinisekisa oku.
I-Breast implant-eyanyaniswa ne-Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Ukufakelwa kwebele kuye kwachongwa njengento enobungozi kwi-subtype ekhulayo (indolent) ye-T-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma ebizwa ngokuba yi-Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL). Kuxhaphake kakhulu apho ukufakelwa kwezinto ezenziweyo kuye kwasetyenziswa endaweni yofakelo olugudileyo.
Nangona lo mhlaza uqala ebeleni, ayilohlobo lomhlaza wamabele. Kucingelwa ukuba kubangelwa iipokotho zolwelo, usulelo okanye ukudumba okwakha malunga nokufakelwa okunokuthi, ekuhambeni kwexesha kuguquke kwi-ALCL. Ukuba une-Breast implant ehambelana ne-ALCL, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa ukuba wenze uqhaqho ukususa ukufakelwa kunye naluphi na ulwelo okanye usulelo olufunyenweyo. Olu isenokuba lolona nyango uludingayo, kodwa ukuba lunwenwele kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho, uya kucetyiswa nolunye unyango. Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga noku ngokucofa ikhonkco elingezantsi.
Unyango lomhlaza
Ngelishwa uninzi lonyango olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza lunokubangela umhlaza wesibini. Le mihlaza ayifani nomhlaza wokuqala kwaye ayijongwa njengokubuyela umva. Umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesibini onjenge-lymphoma uhlala iminyaka emininzi emva konyango lwakho.
Unyango olunje ngechemotherapy, radiotherapy kunye nolunye unyango olucinezela amajoni akho omzimba, okanye ukonakalisa i-lymphocytes yakho kwandisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-lymphoma.
Ukuba unonyango lwalo naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza olubandakanya i-lymphoma, buza ugqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko womhlaza wesibini.
I-Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis
I-Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) yimeko engeyiyo yomhlaza ebangela ukwanda kwenani elingaqhelekanga le-B-cell lymphocytes egazini. I-B-lymphocyte engaqhelekanga ineempawu ezifanayo njenge-lymphocytic leukemia engapheliyo (CLL), i-subtype ye-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.
I-MBL ithathwa njengemeko yangaphambi komhlaza enokuthi iguquke ibe yi-CLL ekuhambeni kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu one-MBL oya kuphuhlisa i-CLL.
I-MBL inqabile kakhulu kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala kwaye umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-MBL unyusa ukukhula kwethu.
yokuPhila
Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ii-cancer, kukho ubungqina obunqongopheleyo bokucebisa i-lymphoma ibangelwa kukhetho lwendlela yokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto (ezifana nokungacoceki, ukwabelana ngesondo okungakhuselekanga okanye ukwabelana ngeenaliti) kunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana ezinye iintsholongwane kunye nezinye izifo, ngelixa ezinye (ezifana nokungazilolongi umzimba, okanye ukutya okungenasondlo) kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kwakho komzimba. Ezi zifo, okanye ukungasebenzi komzimba kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-lymphoma.
Ukugcina impilo enempilo kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana i-lymphoma, nangona kungekho siqinisekiso. Abantu abaninzi abafunyaniswa ukuba bane-lymphoma baphila ubomi obunempilo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, nangona ukhetho lwakho lwendlela yokuphila lungenakukukhusela ngokupheleleyo ekufumaneni i-lymphoma, ukuba ngenye indlela usempilweni ukuba ufuna ukuqala unyango, kuya kunceda umzimba wakho ukujamelana bhetele kwaye ululame ngokukhawuleza.
Olunye ukhetho olunempilo olunokuqwalaselwa lubandakanya:
- Musa ukuqalisa ukutshaya, okanye fumana uncedo lokuyeka.
- Ziphephe iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni.
- Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa iinaliti ngaso nasiphi na isizathu, zisebenzise kube kanye kwaye uzifake kwisikhongozeli esifanelekileyo ukuze uzilahle. Musa ukwabelana ngeenaliti nabanye abantu.
- Ukuba usela utywala, sela ngokumodareyitha.
- Zimisele ubuncinci bemizuzu engama-30 yokwenza umthambo yonke imihla. Ukuba umsebenzi womzimba unzima kuwe, jonga ugqirha wendawo.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo. Ukuba ufuna uncedo malunga noku, ugqirha wakho wengingqi angakuthumela kwingcali yezokutya.
- Yonwaba, kodwa ukhuseleke kwinkqubo.
isishwankathelo
- I-Lymphoma ikhula xa utshintsho-olukwabizwa ngokuba lutshintsho lwenzeka kwiijini zakho ezichaphazela indlela i-lymphocytes yakho ekhula ngayo kunye nokusebenza.
- Okwangoku akukho zizathu ezaziwayo zolu tshintsho olukhokelela kwi-lymphoma.
- Imiba yomngcipheko inokunyusa ithuba lakho lokufumana i-lymphoma, kodwa ukuba nobungozi, akuthethi ukuba uya kufumana i-lymphoma.
- Ukungabi nomngcipheko akuthethi ukuba awuyi kufumana i-lymphoma.
- I-Lymphoma ayingomhlaza "wendlela yokuphila" - ayibonakali ibangelwa kukhetho lwendlela yokuphila njengezinye ii-cancer.
