Ukuthola ukuthi une-lymphoma kungaba isikhathi esicindezela kakhulu, kodwa ukuba nolwazi olufanele kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka futhi kukusize uhlele kusengaphambili. Leli khasi lizokunikeza isifinyezo sokuthi iyini i-lymphoma, ukuthi amaseli avame ukukhula kanjani, nokuthi kungani i-lymphoma iqala, izimpawu ze-lymphoma nokwelashwa kwayo kanye nezixhumanisi eziwusizo.
I-Lymphoma uhlobo lomdlavuza oluthinta amangqamuzana akho egazi okuthiwa ama-lymphocyte. Ama-Lymphocyte awuhlobo lwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi asekela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni ngokulwa nokutheleleka nezifo. Bahlala kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lwe-lymphatic olutholakala kuphela egazini lethu. Ngenxa yokuthi bahlala kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lwe-lymphatic, i-lymphoma ngokuvamile ayibonakali ekuhlolweni kwegazi.
Isistimu yethu ye-lymphatic inesibopho sokuhlanza igazi lethu ebuthini kanye nemikhiqizo engcolile futhi ihlanganisa ama-lymph nodes, i-spleen, i-thymus, ama-tonsils, i-appendix kanye noketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-lymph. Uhlelo lwethu lwe-lymphatic futhi yilapho i-B-cell lymphocyte yethu yenza amasosha omzimba alwa nezifo.
Ama-lymphomas abizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wegazi, umdlavuza we-lymphatic system kanye nomdlavuza wamasosha omzimba. Kodwa kunokuba kube izinhlobo ezi-3 zomdlavuza, la magama ahlinzeka ngokuthi yini, kuphi futhi kanjani. Chofoza ku-flip boxes ngezansi ukuze ufunde kabanzi.
I-What
I-What
Ama-B-cell, enza amasosha omzimba ukulwa nokutheleleka.
Ama-T-cell akwazi ukulwa nokutheleleka ngokuqondile futhi abuthe amanye amaseli omzimba.
Amaseli e-NK - uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-T-cell.
Lapho
Lapho
Indlela
Indlela
Lokhu kuthinta amandla amasosha akho omzimba okukugcina uphilile futhi akuvikele ezifweni nasezifweni.
Uma ungakakwenzi, ungathanda ukuvakashela ikhasi lethu lewebhu elithi Ukuqonda isistimu yakho ye-lymphatic kanye namasosha omzimba ngokuchofoza isixhumanisi esingezansi. Ukuqonda amasistimu akho e-lymphatic ne-immune kuzokusiza ukuthi uqonde i-lymphoma kalula.
Sinezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-lymphocyte:
- B-cell lymphocyte kanye
- T-cell lymphocyte.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaba ne-B-cell lymphoma noma i-T-cell lymphoma. Amanye ama-lymphomas ayivelakancane i-Natural Killer cell (NK) lymphomas - amaseli e-NK awuhlobo lwe-T-cell lymphocyte.
I-Lymphoma iphinde ihlanganiswe ibe yi-Hodgkin Lymphoma kanye ne-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kweHodgkin ne-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?
- I-Hodgkin Lymphoma – wonke ama-Hodgkin Lymphomas angama-lymphoma e-B-cell lymphocyte. I-Hodgkin Lymphoma ibonakala lapho ama-B-cell anomdlavuza ekhula ngendlela ethile futhi abe Amaseli e-Reed-Sternberg - abukeka ehluke kakhulu kuma-B-cell ajwayelekile. Amaseli e-Reed-Sternberg awekho kuma-Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Amaseli e-Reed Sterberg nawo anephrotheni ethile ebizwa ngokuthi i-CD15 noma i-CD30 kuwo. Chofoza lapha ukuze ufunde kabanzi nge-Hodgkin lymphoma.
- I-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) - lawa ama-lymphoma awo wonke amanye ama-B-cell noma ama-T-cell lymphocyte, kuhlanganise namaseli e-NK. I-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) nayo ithathwa njenge-subtype ye-NHL njengoba iyisifo esifanayo nesifo. I-Lymphocytic Lymphoma encane. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-75 ezihlukene ze-NHL. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezincane ezihlukene, chofoza isixhumanisi esingezansi.
Ukuze uqonde i-lymphoma, okokuqala udinga ukwazi kancane ngokuthi amaseli emzimbeni wakho akhula kanjani.
Amaseli avame ukukhula kanjani?
Ngokuvamile amaseli akhula futhi ande ngendlela elawulwa ngokuqinile futhi ehlelekile. Zihlelelwe ukuthi zikhule futhi ziziphathe ngendlela ethile, futhi zande noma zife ngezikhathi ezithile.
Amaseli ngokwawo ane-microscopic - okusho ukuthi mancane kangangokuthi asikwazi ukuwabona. Kodwa, lapho zonke zihlangana ndawonye zakha zonke izingxenye zomzimba wethu okuhlanganisa isikhumba sethu, izinzipho, amathambo, izinwele, ama-lymph nodes, igazi nezitho zomzimba.
Kunokuhlolwa okuningi namabhalansi okwenzekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amaseli akhula ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi "izindawo zokuhlola amasosha omzimba". Izindawo zokuhlola amasosha omzimba zingamaphuzu ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamangqamuzana lapho amasosha omzimba “ehlola” ukuthi ingqamuzana liyingqamuzana elivamile, elinempilo.
Uma ingqamuzana lihlolwa futhi kutholakala ukuthi liphilile, liyaqhubeka likhula. Uma inesifo, noma ilimele ngandlela thize, iyalungiswa noma ibhujiswe (ife), futhi ikhishwe emizimbeni yethu ngohlelo lwethu lwe-lymphatic.
- Lapho amaseli anda, kubizwa ngokuthi “ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli”.
- Lapho amaseli efa ibizwa ngokuthi “apoptosis”.
Le nqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli kanye ne-apoptosis ilawulwa yizakhi zofuzo ku-DNA yethu, futhi yenzeka emizimbeni yethu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Senza izigidigidi zamaseli nsuku zonke ukuze sithathele amadala aqede umsebenzi wawo noma alimele.
Ufuzo kanye ne-DNA
Ngaphakathi kwengqamuzana ngalinye (ngaphandle kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu) kunenucleus enamapheya angu-23 ama-chromosome.
Ama-Chromosome akhiwa i-DNA yethu, futhi i-DNA yethu yakhiwe izakhi zofuzo eziningi ezihlukahlukene ezinikeza “iresiphi” yokuthi amangqamuzana ethu kufanele akhule kanjani, ande, asebenze futhi ekugcineni afe.
Umdlavuza, okuhlanganisa i-lymphoma ne-CLL kwenzeka lapho umonakalo noma amaphutha kwenzeka ezakhini zethu zofuzo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani lapho ufuzo ne-DNA yethu konakele kuvidiyo engezansi. Ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngawo wonke amagama amaprotheni nezinqubo, amagama awabalulekile njengalokho akwenzayo.
Uyini umdlavuza?
Umdlavuza yi-a isakhiisifo tic. Kwenzeka lapho umonakalo noma amaphutha kwenzeka kithi isakhis, okuholela ekukhuleni okungajwayelekile, okungalawuleki kwamaseli.
Ku-lymphoma ne-CLL, ukukhula okungalawuleki nokungavamile kwenzeka ku-T-cell yakho noma kuma-B-cell lymphocyte akho.
Lezi zinguquko ku-DNA yethu ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kofuzo noma ukuhlukahluka kofuzo. Zingenzeka ngenxa yezici zendlela yokuphila njengokubhema, ukulimala kwelanga, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala obuningi (izinguquko ezitholakele), noma ngenxa yezifo ezihlasela imindeni yethu (izinguquko ezizuzwe njengefa). Kodwa kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, asazi nje ukuthi kungani zenzeka.
Yini ebangela iLymphoma & CLL
I-Lymphoma ne-CLL ngezinye zezinhlobo zomdlavuza lapho singazi ukuthi zibangelwa yini. Kunezici ezithile zobungozi eziye zabonwa, kodwa abantu abaningi abanezici ezifanayo zobungozi abaqhubeki nokuthuthukisa i-lymphoma noma i-CLL kuyilapho abanye, kungekho neyodwa yezici eziyingozi ezaziwayo.
Ezinye izici zobungozi zingafaka:
- Uma uke waba negciwane le-Epstein Barr (EBV). I-EBV ibangela i-mononucleosis (eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-mono" noma i-glaular fever).
- I-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- Izifo ezithile zamasosha omzimba wakho, njenge-autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome.
- Amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngemva kokufakelwa kwesitho noma i-stem cell. Noma, emithini ethile okungenzeka ukuthi uyayidla.
- Umzali, umfowethu, noma udade onomlando womuntu siqu we-lymphoma.
Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kutholakale izimbangela ze-lymphoma ne-CLL. Uma imbangela isitholakele, singase sikwazi ukuthola izindlela zokuyinqanda. Kodwa kuze kube yileso sikhathi, ukwazi ngezimpawu ze-lymphoma, nokubona udokotela kusenesikhathi kuyithuba elingcono kakhulu lokulwa nayo.
Uhlolojikelele lwe-Lymphoma ne-CLL
I-Lymphoma ithinta abantu base-Australia abangaphezu kuka-7300 unyaka ngamunye, futhi iwumdlavuza wesi-6 ovame kakhulu kwabesilisa nabesifazane abadala e-Australia, kodwa ungathinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka yobudala kuhlanganise nezingane nezinsana.
Umdlavuza ovame kakhulu entsheni eneminyaka engu-15-29, futhi ungowesithathu ovame kakhulu ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-3-0. Nokho ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-lymphoma iyanda njengoba sikhula.
Yini okufanele ngiyazi nge-lymphoma yami?
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-80 ezihlukene ze-lymphoma. Ezinye izinhlobo ezincane zivame kakhulu, kanti ezinye azivamile kakhulu. Ezingaphezu kuka-75 zalezi zinhlobo ezincane ziwuhlobo oluncane lwe-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, kanti ezi-5 ziyizinhlobo ezincane ze-Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo oluncane onalo, ngoba lokhu kungathinta ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokwelapha olungase lusebenze kangcono kuwe, nokuthi i-lymphoma izothuthuka kanjani ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kuzokusiza ukuthi uhlele kusengaphambili, wazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela futhi ikusize ubuze udokotela wakho imibuzo efanele.
Ama-lymphomas aphinde aqoqwe abe yi-lymphoma engenzi lutho noma ehlukumezayo.
I-Indolent Lymphoma
I-Indolent lymphomas i-lymphomas ekhula kancane evame "ukulala" futhi ingakhuli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zikhona emzimbeni wakho, kodwa awenzi lutho olulimazayo. Ama-lymphoma amaningi angasebenzi awadingi ukwelashwa - ikakhulukazi uma elele. Ngisho nesigaba esithile esithuthukile, i-indolent lymphomas njengesiteji sesi-3 nesiteji sesi-4 ingase ingadingi ukwelashwa, uma ingabangeli izimpawu futhi ingakhuli ngokuqhubekayo.
Ama-lymphomas amaningi angenalutho awakwazi ukuphulukiswa, ngakho-ke uzoba ne-lymphoma impilo yakho yonke. Kodwa, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo evamile kanye nesikhathi sokuphila nge-lymphoma engenalutho.
Ungase ungabi nazo izimpawu eziphawulekayo uma une-lymphoma engenzi lutho, futhi ungaphila nayo iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kwabanye abantu, kungase kungaxilongwa kuze kube yilapho uye kudokotela futhi uhlolelwe enye into.
Umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu abane-lymphoma engenalutho akasoze adinga ukwelashwa kwe-lymphoma yabo. Kodwa-ke, i-lymphomas indolent "ingavuka" futhi iqale ukukhula. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, cishe uzodinga ukuqala ukwelashwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi utshele udokotela wakho uma uqala ukuthola izimpawu njengezigaxa ezintsha noma ezikhulayo (ama-lymph nodes avuvukele) noma B-izimpawu Kufaka phakathi:
- Ukujuluka ebusuku
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okungalindelekile
- Izinga lokushisa elinamakhaza noma ngaphandle kokuqhaqhazela.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-lymphoma engenalutho "ingakwazi ukuguqula" ibe yi-subtype ehlukumezayo ye-lymphoma. Uma lokhu kwenzeka uzonikezwa ukwelashwa okufanayo kwe-lymphoma enolaka.
Ngezansi kunohlu lwama-B-cell avamile kanye ne-T-cell indolent lymphomas. Uma wazi uhlobo lwakho oluncane, futhi lufakwe ohlwini lapha, ungachofoza kulo ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.
I-Indolent (ekhula kancane) B-cell NHL
- I-Follicular lymphoma (FL)
- I-lymphocytic leukemia engapheli (CLL)
- I-Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) ehlanganisa i-MALT, i-Nodal ne-Splenic
- I-macroglobulinemia ye-Waldenstrom (WM)
- I-Hary cell leukemia
- I-Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL)
- I-Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant B-cell Lymphoma (ngaphambilini eyayiyi-NLPHL)
I-Indolent (ekhula kancane) T-cell NHL
I-Aggressive Lymphomas
I-Aggressive T-cell lymphomas ingaba nzima ukuyelapha, futhi ungase uzuze ukuxolelwa ngemva kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kuvamile ukuthi i-T-cell lymphomas ibuyele futhi idinga okwengeziwe, noma ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.
Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho okulindele ekwelashweni kwakho, nokuthi mangakanani amathuba okuthi welapheke noma ungene ekuxolelweni.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Lymphoma ne-CLL
Ngenxa yezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene ze-lymphoma, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokwelapha. Lapho wenza uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha udokotela wakho uzocabangela zonke lezi zinto ezihlanganisa:
- Iyiphi i-subtype nesigaba se-lymphoma onayo.
- Noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kofuzo okungenzeka ube nakho.
- Iminyaka yakho, impilo iyonke kanye nanoma yikuphi okunye ukwelashwa okungenzeka ukuthi uyakuthola kwezinye izifo.
- Ukuthi uke wathola ukwelashwa kwe-lymphoma esikhathini esidlule futhi uma kunjalo, uphendule kanjani kulokho kwelashwa.
Imibuzo kadokotela wakho
Kungaba nzima ukuthola ukuthi une-lymphoma noma i-CLL. Futhi, lapho ungazi ukuthi yini ongayazi, ungazi kanjani ukuthi yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze?
Ukuze sikusize uqalise sihlanganise imibuzo ethile ongayiphrinta bese uyisa ku-aphoyintimenti yakho elandelayo. Vele uchofoze isixhumanisi esingezansi ukuze ulande imibuzo yethu ozoyibuza udokotela wakho.
Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi?
Sinezinhlobo ezahlukene zamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi adlala indima ehlukene ekulweni nezifo nezifo. I-Lymphoma ingumdlavuza wamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi okuthiwa i-lymphocyte. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi sinezinhlobo ezahlukene zamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, zikhona ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi, kuhlanganise ne-leukemia ne-myeloma.
I-leukemia
I-leukemia ithinta izinhlobo ezahlukene zamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Amaseli angajwayelekile akhula emnkantsheni noma emgudwini wegazi. Nge-leukemia, amangqamuzana egazi awakhiqizwa ngendlela okufanele enziwe ngayo. Kungase kube maningi kakhulu, ambalwa kakhulu, noma amangqamuzana egazi angasebenzi ngendlela okufanele asebenze ngayo.
I-leukemia ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwengqamuzana elimhlophe elithintekile, kungaba iseli le-myeloid noma i-lymphatic cell, nokuthi isifo siqhubeka kanjani. I-acute leukemia ikhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi idinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kuyilapho i-leukemia engapheli iqala isikhathi eside, futhi ingase ingadingi ukwelashwa.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe sicela ubheke i- I-Leukemia Foundation Iwebhusayithi.
UMyeloma
I-Myeloma ingumdlavuza we-specialized, futhi uhlobo oluvuthwe kakhulu lwe-B-cell lymphocyte - olubizwa ngokuthi i-plasma cell. Yiseli le-plasma elikhiqiza amasosha omzimba (abizwa nangokuthi ama-immunoglobulins). Ngenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana e-plasma analo msebenzi okhethekile, i-myeloma ihlukaniswa ngokuhlukile kuma-lymphomas.
Ku-myeloma, amaseli e-plasma angajwayelekile enza uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-antibody eyaziwa ngokuthi i-paraprotein. Le paraprotein ayinawo umsebenzi owusizo, futhi lapho amangqamuzana amaningi e-plasma angajwayelekile eqoqa emnkantsheni wakho, umzimba wakho ungase ukuthole kunzima ukulwa nezifo.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe sicela ubheke i- Iwebhusayithi ye-Myeloma Australia.
Isifinyezo
- I-Lymphoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi othinta amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi abizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte.
- Ama-lymphocyte ahlala kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lwe-lymphatic futhi asekela amasosha ethu omzimba ngokulwa nokutheleleka kanye nezifo.
- I-Lymphoma iqala lapho izinguquko ku-DNA yethu ziholela ekukhuleni okungalawulwa nokungavamile kwamangqamuzana e-lymphoma anomdlavuza.
- I-Hodgkin Lymphoma kanye ne-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma yizinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-lymphoma, kodwa ziphinde zibekwe njenge-B-cell noma i-T-cell lymphomas, kanye ne-indolent noma i-aggressive lymphomas.
- Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokwelapha futhi inhloso yokwelashwa izoncika ohlotsheni oluncane lwe-lymphoma onayo.
- Uma ungazi uhlobo oluncane lwe-lymphoma yakho, noma ukubaluleka kwe-subtype yakho, buza udokotela wakho.
