Yedu lymphatic system inokosha network yemidziyo, lymph nodes uye nhengo dzinoshanda pamwe chete kuti tive neutano hwakanaka. Icho chikamu chakakosha che immune system yedu uye hapana immune system yedu kana lymphatic system inogona kushanda pasina imwe.
Papeji rino tichapa mhedziso yekuti masystem edu e lymphatic uye immune system chii, uye zvavanoita kuti tive neutano hwakanaka.
Chii chinoumba lymphatic uye immune system?
Yedu lymphatic system inoumbwa ne:
- Node nhengo
- Lymphatic midziyo
- Lymphocytes (rudzi rwewhite blood cell)
- Organs kusanganisira yedu:
- Bone marora
- Thymus gland
- Tonsils uye adenoids
- chinamatidzwa
- Spleen.
Yedu Immune system inoumbwa ne:
- Iyo lymphatic system
- Zvipingamupinyi zvemuviri zvakadai seganda, mucous membranes uye mudumbu acids.
- Antibodies (iyo inogadzirwa neB-cell lymphocytes)
- Maseru machena ese eropa anosanganisira:
- neutrophils
- mapofu
- basophils
- mast cells
- macrophages
- dendritic masero
- lymphocytes
Yedu lymphatic system uye immune system inoshanda pamwechete?
Masoja emuviri wedu anoumbwa nemasero ese uye nhengo dzemuviri wedu dzinotidzivirira kubva kuhutachiona kana kukuvadzwa kunotungamirira kuhutachiona uye zvirwere. Masero edu machena eropa anoshingaira kurwisa utachiona, uye anoziva, kugadzirisa kana kuparadza masero akakuvadzwa. Ganda redu, mucous membranes uye maacids ari mudumbu medu anoshanda kutipa chipingamupinyi chinodzivirira utachiona kupinda, kana kupararira kuburikidza nemiviri yedu.
Yedu lymphatic system zvisinei ndiyo yekutakura network (lymphatic midziyo uye lymph fluid) yemasoja emuviri wedu, uye inobatsira kutamisa maseru edu ekudzivirira nemuviri kuburikidza nemuviri wedu, pamwe nekubvisa chero tsvina kubva kumabasa ekudzivirira. Inopawo nzvimbo dziri mumuviri wedu (lymph nodes uye nhengo) kuti immune system iite basa rayo.
Zvakawanda nezve immune system yedu
Yedu immune system ine mabasa maviri makuru - innate immunity uye adaptive immune. Aya mabasa maviri anoshanda nemazvo kutipa dziviriro yekukurumidza uye yenguva refu kubva kuutachiona uye kukuvadzwa kunokonzera utachiona nehosha.
Innate immunity
Innate immunity immunity yatinozvarwa nayo. Zvinosanganisira zvipingamupinyi zvemuviri pamwe nemamwe masero machena eropa anoona nekukurumidza maseru akakuvadzwa kana asiri edu (utachiona) otanga kurwisa.
Zvipingamupinyi zvemuviri
ganda - Ganda redu ndiro nhengo huru yemuviri wedu. Inotidzivirira nekugadzira chipingamupinyi chemuviri chinodzivirira utachiona huzhinji kupinda mumiviri yedu. Kana tikazvicheka pachedu kana ganda rakatyoka kana kurasika, tinogona kuva panjodzi yakawedzerwa yekutapukirwa nekuda kweutachiona hunokwanisa kupinda mumiviri yedu.
Mucous membranes – Dzimwe nguva tinogona kufema utachiona. Muzviitiko izvi isu tine mucous membranes inotenderera mhino dzedu nemhepo inoteya hutachiona uye inobvumira maseru edu ekudzivirira muviri kuti abate nekuarwisa. Isu tine mucous membranes akafanana ayo anorongedza dzimwe nhengo dzemiviri yedu dzinoshanda nenzira imwecheteyo.
Acid yemudumbu – Kana tikadya chikafu chine utachiona, maasidhi emudumbu edu akagadzirirwa kuuraya utachiona. Izvi zvinobatsira kutidzivirira kuti tisarware kana kuwana chepfu yechikafu.
Masero machena - Mazhinji emasero edu machena kunze kweiyo lymphocytes chikamu chekusagadzikana kwedu kwekuzvarwa. Ikoko basa nderekukurumidza kuziva chero sero kana chipenyu chinoita senge chisiri chake uye kutanga kurwisa. Hadzina kunyatsojeka, asi dzinoshanda nokukurumidza. Kana vachinge varwisa utachiona, vanotumira masaini kumaseru edu anochinjika kuti vazive kuti vauye kuzobatana kurwa kana kutora manotsi uye kugadzira. ndangariro masero (ona adaptive immunity) kuti tigadzirire zvirinani kurwisa utachiona kana hwadzoka..
Iyo yakawanda chena sero yekudzivirira kwako kwekuzvarwa iwe yaunonzwa nezvayo ndeye yako neutrophils. Aya ndiwo mahosi ekudzivirira kwako kwemukati, asi anogona kudzikira muhuwandu kana uine lymphoma kana CLL. Kurapa kweizvi kunogonawo kuderedza nhamba yako yeutrophils, zvichiita kuti iwe uwedzere hutachiona. Kana neutrophils yako yakaderera, inodanwa neutropenia.
Adaptive (acquired) immunity
Yedu inogadzirisa immunity inodaidzwa zvakare kuti yakawana immunity nekuti isu hatina kuzvarwa nayo. Pane kudaro tinozviwana (kana kuvandudza) apo patinofamba nehupenyu uye tinosangana nemhando dzakasiyana dzehutachiona. Inowanzonzi "immunological memory" yedu nekuti kusadzivirirwa kwedu kunorangarira hutachiona hwataive nahwo munguva yakapfuura uye kunochengeta mamwe maseru ane hunyanzvi anonzi Memory B-cells kana memory T-cells mumalymph nodes uye lymphatic nhengo.
Kana tikawana utachiona humwe chetehwo zvakare, masero edu endangariro anotanga kuita chiito nekurwisa chaiko uye chaiko kurwisa utachiona husati hwawana mukana wekuti tirware. Asi rimwe nerimwe remaseru edu endangariro rinongoziva utachiona humwe chete, zvinoreva kuti havarwise kakawanda semaseru ekusagadzikana kwedu kwekuzvarwa, asi anoshanda zvakanyanya pakurwisa utachiona hwavanorangarira.
Maseru makuru ekusagadzikana kwedu kwekuzvidzivirira ndiwo maseru akafanana anova negomarara kana uine lymphoma kana CLL - Vamarokore.
Antibodies (Immunoglubulins)
Mhando dzakakura zvakanyanya dzeB-cells dzinodaidzwa kuti Plasma B-cell, uye anogadzira masoja ekudzivirira chirwere. Masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anonziwo immunoglobulins. Nekuti lymphoma neCLL zvinogona kukanganisa B-masero ako, vamwe vanhu vangave nemazinga akaderera emasoja ekudzivirira uye kuve nyore kurwara. Kana izvi zvaitika, unogona kupihwa kuisirwa masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anonzi IntraVenous ImmunoGlubulins - IVIG, inobva kune anopa.
Majekiseni anoshanda ne activate yedu adaptive immune immune. Nekutifumura kune diki diki kana chikamu chisina kuvharwa chejemusi, izvo hazvina kukwana kutiita kuti tirware, zvinobatsira yedu inogadzirisa sisitimu yekuziva uye kugadzira masero endangariro kurwisa hutachiona kana tikazosangana nahwo mune ramangwana.
Dzidza zvakawanda nezve chikamu chega chega che lymphatic yako uye immune system, nekudzvanya pamisoro iri pazasi.
Lymph nodes dzimwe nguva dzinonzi lymph glands. Kazhinji yenguva iwe haungazive nezve lymph nodes yako, asi kana iwe wakambova nebundu rakazvimba mumutsipa wako kana mutsara weshaya panguva yekutapukira nzeve kana huro, iyo yaive lymph node yako ichizvimba. Ma lymph nodes ako anozvimba sezvo masero emuviri wako anotanga kurwisa uye kubvisa utachiona hunokonzera hutachiona. Utachiona hunounzwa mu lymph node umo hunoparadzwa uye hunobviswa kubva mumuviri wako.
Mazhinji e-lymphocyte edu anowanikwa mumalymph nodes uye nhengo dze lymphatic, asi tinogonawo kuva nemamwe masero ekudzivirira zvirwere mumakirini edu.
Kazhinji chiratidzo chekutanga che lymphoma kuzvimba kana bundu, nekuti lymph node inozara nekenza lymphocytes uye inotanga kuzvimba.
Midziyo yedu ye lymphatic network ye "nzira dzenzira" dzinobatanidza ma lymph nodes edu uye nhengo dze lymphatic pamwechete. Ndivo maintaneti ekutakura ekufambisa maseru edziviriro akatenderedza miviri yedu, uye kubvisa tsvina kubva kumaseru akakuvadzwa kana ane chirwere.
Mukati memidziyo yedu yelymphatic mune mvura yakajeka inonzi lymph, iyo inobatsira masero ekudzivirira kuyerera kuburikidza nemidziyo yedu ye lymphatic zviri nyore. Iyo inewo yakakosha immune function nekuti inoteya mabhakitiriya, uye inoendesa kune lymph nodes saka inogona kuparadzwa.
Lymphocytes imhando yemasero machena eropa anorwisa utachiona uye zvirwere. Zvinosanganisira B-cells, T-cells uye Natural killer (NK) masero, uye anogadzirwa mumwongo wedu asati atamira mu lymphatic system yedu.
Lymphocytes akasiyana nemamwe masero machena eropa munzira yaanorwisa utachiona. Ivo chikamu chedu adaptive immunity.
Kazhinji yenguva, haungatomboziva kuti wasangana nehutachiona, nekuti malymphocyte ako nemamwe masero emumuviri anorwisa iwo asati awana mukana wekurwarisa.
Mamwe ma lymphocyte anogara munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemiviri yedu. Dzinoungana pamwe chete mumitsetse yedzimwe nhengo dzedu kuitira kuti kana utachiona hupi nohupi huchipinda munhengo idzodzo, ma<em>lymphocyte anogona kuita chiito odzidzivirira pakukonzera utachiona. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzemiviri yedu dzine mapoka aya e-lymphocytes mavari dzinosanganisira yedu:
- intestinal tract (matumbu) - Aya anowanzonzi Peyer's patches
- nzira yekufema (mapapu nemhepo)
- nhengo dzesikarudzi (kusanganisira chibereko, testes, uye nhengo dzine hukama nemachubhu
- urinary tract (itsvo uye dundira uye machubhu ane hukama).
B-masero
B-masero anogara zvakanyanya mumalymph nodes uye spleen. Mature B-cells anoita puroteni yakakosha inonzi immunoglobulins - neimwewo inozivikanwa semasoja ekudzivirira chirwere, ayo anoshanda zvakanyanya mukurwisa utachiona nezvirwere.
B-masero anowanzo zorora mu lymphatic system uye anongoshanda kana akanyeverwa nezvehutachiona hwavanoda kurwisa.
T-masero
Mazhinji eT-cells edu anogadzirwa tisati tasvika pakukura uye kubuda mumwongo wedu kana ari masero asati akura. Ivo vanoenda mune yedu thymus kwavanoramba vachikura uye kukura. Kazhinji vanenge vachizorora uye vanongotanga kushanda kana paine utachiona hwavanoda kurwisa.
T-masero anogonawo kuwanikwa mumalymph nodes edu, spleen nedzimwe nzvimbo dze lymphatic system yedu asi munhamba diki.
Natural killer cells imhando yakasarudzika yeT-sero inobatanidzwa mune edu ese innate uye adaptive immunity, saka vanonyanya kushanda nguva dzose, uye vanowanzofamba-famba miviri yedu vachitsvaga chero chiratidzo chechirwere kana chirwere chinoda kurwisa.
Lymphocytes ndiwo masero anova nekenza kana une lymphoma yeCLL
Mwongo wedu ndicho chinhu chine sponji chiri pakati pemapfupa edu. Basa rayo nderekugadzira masero edu ose eropa kusanganisira masero matsvuku eropa, maplatelet, uye masero machena eropa.
Yedu thymus gland inhengo yakaita shavishavi inogara pasi pebhonzo redu rezamu (sternum). Iyo inhengo huru ye lymphatic system uye uko T-masero anoenda mushure mekubva mumwongo. Pane imwe nguva mu thymus gland, T-masero anoramba achikura uye obva aramba ari mumamiriro ekuzorora kusvikira adiwa kurwisa utachiona.
Matonsi edu ese ari maviri lymph nodes ari kuseri kwehuro yedu, imwe kune rumwe rutivi. Adenoids iri kuseri kwemhino dzedu. Zvose izvi zvinoshanda kudzivirira kuti utachiona husapinde mumiviri yedu. Vanowanzozvimba kana tine huro kana chirwere chekufema.
Spleen yedu inhengo ye lymphatic inogara pasi pe diaphragm yedu. Ndipo panogara akawanda eB-cell lymphocytes ako, uye anogadzira masoja ekudzivirira chirwere. Tsvina yedu inobatsirawo kusefa ropa redu, kuputsa masero akasakara uye akakuvadzwa kuti agadzirire maseru matsva ane hutano. Inochengetawo mamwe masero machena eropa uye maplatelet, ayo anobatsira ropa rako kugwamba. Iwe unogona kuona nzvimbo yespleen yako pamufananidzo we lymphatic system kumusoro kwepeji rino.
Chii chimwe chinoita lymphatic system yedu?
Yedu lymphatic system ine matatu makuru mabasa anosanganisira:
Kutenderera uye kugadzirisa mvura
Kubvisa mafuta
Kudzivirira muviri wedu kubva kuhutachiona & zvirwere
Lymphoma inotanga kupi?
Nemhaka yokuti lymphocytes yedu inogona kufamba chero kupi zvako mumitumbi yedu, lymphoma inogonawo kutanga chero kupi zvako mumitumbi yedu. Kazhinji kazhinji inotanga mumalymph nodes kana zvimwe zvikamu zve lymphatic system. Nekudaro, dzimwe nguva inogona kutanga kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinosanganisira ganda, mapapu, chiropa, uropi kana musana.
Nodal Lymphoma ndiyo iyo lymphoma iri mu lymph nodes yako kana zvimwe zvikamu zve lymphatic system yako.
Extra-nodal lymphoma ndiyo Lymphoma kunze kwe lymph nodes yako uye lymphatic system. Izvi zvinosanganisira kana lymphoma inowanikwa muganda rako, mapapu, chiropa, uropi kana musana.
pfupiso
- Yedu immune system uye lymphatic system inoshanda pamwe chete kuti tirambe tine hutano.
- Nepo immune system yedu ichirwisa utachiona hunokonzera hutachiona uye zvirwere, lymphatic system yedu inotsigira immune system yedu, kutakura masero edziviriro kuburikidza nemiviri yedu, nekupa masero edziviriro nzvimbo yekugara.
- Lymphoma igomarara remasero machena eropa anonzi lymphocytes, ayo ari chikamu cheadaptive immune system yedu, uye anogara mune yedu lymphatic system.
- Innate immune system ndiyo immune system yatinozvarwa nayo.
- Adaptive immunity ndiyo immune system yatinovandudza isu patinosangana nehutachiona hwakasiyana muhupenyu hwedu hwese.
