I-Mucositis yigama lezokwelapha lezilonda, izilonda kanye nokuvuvukala epheshaneni lakho lesisu (GI). Ipheshana lethu le-GI lihlanganisa umlomo wethu, i-esophagus (ipayipi lokudla phakathi komlomo wethu nesisu), isisu namathumbu. Imithi eminingi ye-lymphoma ingabangela i-mucositis engase ibe buhlungu, yandise ingozi yokutheleleka nokopha, futhi yenze kube nzima ukukhuluma, ukudla noma ukuphuza.
Leli khasi lizoxoxa nge-mucositis yomlomo nomphimbo. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe nge-mucositis ethinta amathumbu akho, engabangela isifo sohudo noma ukuqunjelwa, sicela. Chofoza lapha.
Kuyini i-mucositis?
I-Mucositis ingaholela ezindaweni ezibuhlungu, eziphukile zolwelwesi lwamafinyila (ulwelwesi) lomlomo wakho nomphimbo. Lezi zindawo eziphukile zingopha, ikakhulukazi uma unjalo i-thrombocytopenic, noma itheleleka. Ingozi yokutheleleka kwe-mucositis iphezulu uma ukhona i-neutropenic, nokho ukutheleleka kusengenzeka uma amasosha akho omzimba esebenza kahle.
I-mucositis ingase futhi ivuvuke, ibe mnyama, izindawo ezibomvu noma ezimhlophe emlonyeni wakho nasemphinjeni, ngisho noma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila luqinile.
Izincazelo
I-Thrombocytopenic yigama lezokwelapha lapho unamazinga aphansi eplatelet. Ama-platelet asiza igazi lethu ukuthi lihlule ukuze livimbele ukopha nokulimaza.
I-Neutropenic igama lezokwelapha lapho unama-neutrophils aphansi. Ama-neutrophils awuhlobo lwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi futhi angamangqamuzana okuqala emzimbeni wethu ukulwa nezifo.
Izinkinga ze-mucositis
Ngeshwa, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-lymphoma azigcini nje ngokubhubhisa amangqamuzana e-lymphoma, kodwa futhi zingahlasela amanye amaseli akho amahle. Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko ezingabangela i-mucositis yomlomo wakho nomphimbo zibalwe ngezansi. Chofoza izihloko ukuze ufunde kabanzi.
I-Chemotherapy yindlela yokwelapha ehlelekile esebenza ngokubhubhisa amaseli akhula noma anda ngokushesha. I-Systemic isho ukuthi idlula emgudwini wegazi lakho, futhi ingathinta noma iyiphi indawo yomzimba wakho. Lokhu kwenza uma kuphumelela kakhulu ekwelapheni izinhlobo eziningi ze-lymphoma. Nokho, amaseli ethu amaningi anempilo nawo akhula futhi ande ngokushesha. Amaseli epheshaneni lethu le-GI angamanye alawo maseli akhula ngokushesha.
I-Chemotherapy ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamaseli e-lymphoma anomdlavuza namaseli akho anempilo. Kanjalo, i-chemotherapy ingahlasela amaseli epheshaneni lakho le-GI okuholela ku-mucositis.
I-Mucositis ivame ukuqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokwelashwa futhi inyamalala phakathi namasonto angu-2-3 ngemva kokuqeda ukwelashwa. Amasosha akho omzimba aphansi (i-neutropenia) kanye ne-thrombocytopenia ebangelwa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nakho kungenza i-mucositis ibe yimbi kakhulu, ngengozi yokopha kanye nezifo.
I-Radiotherapy iqondiswe kakhulu kune-chemotherapy, ngakho-ke ithinta kuphela indawo encane yomzimba wakho olashwayo. Kodwa-ke, i-radiotherapy namanje ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamaseli e-lymphoma anomdlavuza namaseli akho anempilo.
Uma i-radiotherapy iqondise i-lymphoma eduze komlomo noma umphimbo wakho, njengama-lymph nodes ekhanda lakho nasentanyeni, ungathola i-mucositis.
Ama-immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) afana ne-nivolumab noma i-pembrolizumab awuhlobo lwe-monoclonal antibody. Basebenza ngokuhlukile kancane kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-lymphoma.
Wonke amangqamuzana ethu avamile anezindawo zokuhlola amasosha omzimba kuwo. Ezinye zazo zibizwa nge-PD-L1 noma i-PD-L2. Lezi zindawo zokuhlola zisiza amasosha ethu omzimba ukuba abone amaseli ethu. Amaseli anezindawo zokuhlola ashiywe wodwa amasosha ethu omzimba, kodwa amaseli angenazo izindawo zokuhlola ahlonzwa njengayingozi, ngakho amasosha ethu omzimba abhubhisa amangqamuzana angenazo izindawo zokuhlola.
Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-cancer afaka amanye ama-lymphomas azivumelanisa nokukhulisa lezi zindawo zokuhlola amasosha omzimba. Ngokuba nalezi zindawo zokuhlola amasosha omzimba, i i-lymphoma ingacasha emasosheni akho omzimba.
Ama-immune checkpoint inhibitors asebenza ngokunamathisela ezindaweni zokuhlola ze-PD-L1 noma ze-PD-L2 kumaseli e-lymphoma, futhi ngokwenza lokhu, i-immune checkpoint inhibitor ifihla indawo yokuhlola amasosha omzimba emasosheni akho omzimba. Ngenxa yokuthi amasosha akho omzimba awasakwazi ukubona indawo yokuhlola, angabona amangqamuzana e-lymphoma njengayingozi futhi awabhubhise.
Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zindawo zokuhlola zisemangqamuzaneni akho anempilo, ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa ngama-immune checkpoint inhibitors kungabangela amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi ahlasele namaseli akho amahle. Lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehluleka ukubona amaseli epheshaneni lakho le-GI njengokujwayelekile, angaholela ekuhlaselweni kwe-auto-immune lapho amasosha akho omzimba elwa namaseli akho anempilo, okubangela i-mucositis. Lokhu ngokuvamile kungokwesikhashana futhi kuba ngcono uma ukwelashwa kuyeka. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ama-immune checkpoint inhibitors angabangela izimo zesikhathi eside ze-auto-immune.
Ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell zisetshenziswa njengendlela yokwelapha yokuhlenga ukusindisa umnkantsha wakho ngemva kokuba unemithamo ephezulu kakhulu ye-chemotherapy.
I-Mucositis iwumphumela omubi ovame kakhulu lapho ufaka i-stem cell ngenxa yomthamo omkhulu we-chemotherapy. Ukumunca iqhwa cishe imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi nangemuva kwemithi ethile yokwelapha enikezwe ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell kungasiza ekwehliseni ubunzima be-mucositis. Buza unesi wakho ngalokhu uma ufakwa i-stem-cell
Ukuvimbela i-mucositis
Njengezinto eziningi, ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha. Ngeshwa, ngenxa yendlela ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza ngayo, ungase ungakwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuvimbela i-mucositis. Kodwa kunezindlela zokuyivimbela ukuba ibe nzima kakhulu futhi ulawule izingozi zokopha kanye nokutheleleka.
Udokotela wamazinyo
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelashwa kungaba wumqondo omuhle ukubonana nodokotela wamazinyo uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngamazinyo akho. Lokhu kungase kungenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi, kuye ngohlobo lwakho oluncane kanye nebanga le-lymphoma, nokho-ke kufanelekile ukubuza udokotela wakho wegazi noma i-oncologist ngakho.
Noma yiziphi izinkinga onazo ngamazinyo noma izinsini zingaba zimbi nakakhulu phakathi nokwelashwa futhi zikubeke engcupheni enkulu yokutheleleka, okuzokwenza i-mucositis yakho ibe buhlungu kakhulu futhi ibe nzima ukwelapheka. Ukutheleleka kungase futhi kusho ukuthi kufanele ubambezele ukwelashwa.
Abanye odokotela bamazinyo bangochwepheshe ekwelapheni abantu abanomdlavuza. Cela izincomo noma ukudluliselwa kudokotela wakho wegazi noma i-oncologist.
Ukunakekela umlomo
Izibhedlela eziningi zizoncoma uhlobo oluthile lwesixazululo sokunakekelwa komlomo ongasisebenzisa. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kungase kube amanzi anosawoti ane-bicarbonate soda kuwo.
Uma unamazinyo okufakelwa, wakhiphe ngaphambi kokugeza umlomo wakho.
Hlanza amazinyo okufakelwa ngaphambi kokuba uwabuyisele emlonyeni wakho.
Zenzele owakho umlomo
Ungenza owakho umuthi wokuwasha umlomo uma uthanda.
Bilisa amanzi bese uwayeka aphole.
Izithako
- Inkomishi eyodwa (250ml) yamanzi abilisiwe apholile
- 1/4 ithisipuni (tsp) kasawoti
- 1/4 ithisipuni (tsp) ye-bicarbonate soda.
Sebenzisa isipuni sokulinganisa ukukala inani likasawoti kanye ne-bicarbonate yesoda. Uma ukwenza kube namandla kakhulu kungase kulume umlomo wakho futhi kwenze i-mucositis yakho ibe nzima nakakhulu.
Indlela
- Faka usawoti kanye ne-bicarbonate yesoda emanzini apholile bese ugoqa.
- Thatha umlomo - UNGAGULI.
- Hlanza amanzi emlonyeni wakho bese ugoqa okungenani imizuzwana engama-30.
- Akhafule amanzi.
- Phinda izikhathi ezi-3 noma ezi-4.
Yenza lokhu ngemuva kokudla konke nangaphambi kokulala - okungenani izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku.
Gwema ukugeza umlomo ngotshwala
Ungasebenzisi imithi yokugeza umlomo enotshwala. Bheka uhlu lwezithako njengoba iziwasha zomlomo eziningi zinotshwala. Lezi zinhlayiya zomlomo zinokhahlo kakhulu emlonyeni wakho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa futhi zingenza i-mucositis ibe yimbi kakhulu, ibangele ubuhlungu.
Sebenzisa i-lip balm
ukuxubha
Sebenzisa isixubho esithambile. Ungasebenzisi isixubho esimaphakathi noma esiqinile ukuxubha amazinyo akho. Uma umlomo wakho ubuhlungu kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuwuvula, ukusebenzisa ibhulashi lengane elinekhanda elincane kungase kube lula. Geza okungenani kabili ngosuku - kanye ekuseni futhi kanye ebusuku ngemva kokudla.
Hlanza ulimi lwakho. Ingemuva lezixubho eziningi linama-ridge amancane ukusiza ukususa noma yimaphi amabhaktheriya akhelwe kanye nezimbobo ezimhlophe olimini lwakho. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-soft bristle yesixubho sakho noma uthenge i-scraper yolimi kumakhemisi amaningi. Yiba mnene lapho uhlanza ulimi lwakho, futhi uqale ngemuva futhi usebenze indlela yakho ukuya phambili.
I-Australia Dental Association incoma ukuthi ungawugezi umlomo wakho ngamanzi ngemva kokuxubha amazinyo. Lokhu kuvumela unamathisele we-fluoride ukuthi uhlale emazinyweni akho isikhathi eside ukuze unikeze ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe.
I-floss kuphela uma isivele iyingxenye yendlela yakho yansuku zonke.
Uma ubulokhu ufloss njalo ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelashwa, ungaqhubeka nokufloss.
Uma ungakaze ushaye i-floss ngaphambili, noma ungalubhadi njalo, cha ungaqali ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Maningi amathuba okuthi ube nokuvuvukala ezinsinini uma ungakaze ushaye intambo.
Ukukhukhumala lapho izinsini zivuvukele kungabangela ukusikeka okungopha futhi kwandise amathuba okutheleleka ngezifo.
Uma ucwebezela futhi wopha, yeka ukucwebezela ngokushesha.
Hlanza umlomo wakho nge-mouthwash oyinconyelwe futhi uma ukopha kunganqamuki ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, noma unezimpawu zokutheleleka, thintana nodokotela wakho.
Ukudla okufanele ukudle futhi ukugweme uma une-mucositis
Okunye ukudla kungenza i-mucositis ibe yimbi kakhulu noma kube buhlungu ukukudla uma une-mucositis. Nokho, kusabalulekile ukudla kahle. Umzimba wakho udinga ukuthola imisoco efanele ukukusiza ukuthi ululame. Ithebula elingezansi libala ukudla okufanele nokungafanele ukudle uma une-mucositis.
Ungase ukuthole kulula ukuphuza ngotshani ukuze ukwazi ukubeka utshani udlule izindawo ezibuhlungu ze-mucositis. Qiniseka ukuthi ukudla kwakho neziphuzo kupholile noma kufudumele. Gwema ukudla okushisayo neziphuzo.
Yidla lezi: | Ungakudli lokhu: |
amaqanda I-tuna ekheniwe noma i-salmon Inyama ephekwe kancane Ama-noodle athambile noma i-pasta Irayisi elimhlophe eliphekiwe Imifino egayiwe - amazambane anjalo, izaqathe ze-peas, ubhatata Isipinashi esisakhilimu noma ummbila Ubhontshisi obhakiwe Tofu I-yogurt, i-cottage shizi, ubisi (uma ukhona i-neutropenic, gwema ushizi othambile futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ubisi neyogathi kufakwe i-pasteurized) Isinkwa esithambile Amapancake ubhanana Ikhabe noma amanye amakhabe Ama-ayisi block (gwema imiphetho ebukhali emaphaketheni), ijeli noma u-ayisikhilimu Itiye lamahhala le-caffeine Amaprotheni anyakaza noma ama-smoothies. | Ukusikeka okunzima kwenyama Ama-chips ommbila noma amanye ama-chips crunchy Ukudla okuqinile, okuchotshoziwe noma okuhlafunwayo okuhlanganisa amaloli, amabhisikidi, izinkwa ezinoqweqwe, ama-crackers kanye nokusanhlamvu okomile utamatisi Izithelo ezisawolintshi ezifana namawolintshi, ulamula, ama-lime nama-mandarin Ukudla okunosawoti Amantongomane noma imbewu Ama-apula noma umango Ukudla okushisayo - izinga lokushisa elishisayo nokushisa okubabayo I-caffeine njengekhofi noma iziphuzo zamandla Utshwala obufana nobhiya, iwayini, isipirithi notshwala. |
Ukuphatha umlomo owomile
Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukwelashwa kwe-lymphoma, neminye imithi efana nababulali bezinhlungu kungabangela umlomo owomile. Ukuba nomlomo owomile kungenza kube nzima ukudla, ukuphuza nokukhuluma. Kungase futhi kubangele ukunamathela okumhlophe kwamagciwane olimini lwakho okungaholela ekunambithekeni okungcolile emlonyeni wakho, umoya omubi kanye namahloni.
Lokhu kunqwabelana kwamagciwane nakho kungabangela izifo ezingaba zimbi kakhulu kuyilapho amasosha akho omzimba entekenteke ngenxa yokwelashwa.
Ukuba nomlomo owomile isikhathi eside kungandisa ingozi yokubola kwamazinyo (izimbobo emazinyweni akho).
Phuza okungenani amalitha angu-2-3 oketshezi usuku ngalunye. Gwema i-caffeine notshwala ngoba lokhu kungenza umlomo owomile ube mubi kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa ukugeza umlomo njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla kuzosiza nangomlomo owomile.
Uma lokhu kugeza umlomo kunganele, ungathenga esikhundleni samathe ekhemisi langakini. Lezi yizixazululo ezisiza ukubuyisela nokuvikela umswakama emlonyeni wakho.
I-Xerostomia
Igama lezokwelapha lomlomo owomile lithi Xerostomia.
I-mucositis ibonakala kanjani?
- Izilonda emlonyeni wakho ezingaba bomvu, zibemhlophe, zibukeke njengezilonda noma amabhamuza
- Ukuvuvukala ezinsini, emlonyeni, noma emphinjeni
- Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki lapho uhlafuna futhi ugwinya
- Amabala amhlophe noma aphuzi emlonyeni wakho noma olimini lwakho
- Ukwanda kwamafinyila emlonyeni – amathe aminyene
- Isilungulela noma isisu.
Ukwelashwa
I-Mucositis ayikwazi ukuvinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa kukhona izindlela zokwelapha ezizokusiza ukuthi uhlale ukhululekile ngenkathi ululama.
Vimbela noma ulawule izifo
Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi ezokusiza ekuvimbeleni ukuthi uthole izifo ezifana ne-thrush emlonyeni wakho noma izilonda ezibandayo (herpes).
- Aanti-viral Imithi efana ne-valacyclovir ingasiza ekuvimbeleni noma kunciphise ukuqubuka kwezilonda ezibandayo ezibangelwa igciwane le-herpes simplex.
- Anti-fungal Imithi efana ne-nystatin ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha i-thrush yomlomo engenza i-mucositis ibe yimbi kakhulu.
- Nemithi Elwa Namagciwane - Uma unezindawo eziphukile ezindebeni zakho, noma emlonyeni wakho noma emthonjeni ungase uthole ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya okungenza i-mucositis yakho ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ungase unikezwe ama-antibiotics ukusiza ukulwa nokutheleleka.
Ukuphumula ubuhlungu
- I-Kenalog noma amafutha e-bongela (phezu kwekhawunta)
- I-Xylocaine jelly (incwadi kadokotela kuphela).
Omunye umuthi
- I-panadol encibilikayo - ncibilikisa i-panadol emanzini, swayipha emlonyeni wakho bese uyigcoba ngaphambi kokugwinya. Ungathenga lokhu phezu kwekhawunta esitolo segrosa noma ekhemisi.
- I-Endone - Lena ithebhulethi kadokotela kuphela. Uma izinketho ezingenhla zingasebenzi, cela udokotela wakho akunikeze incwadi kadokotela.
I-Nasogastric tube
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ze-mucositis, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthi ube neshubhu le-nasogastric (NGT) okufanele udliwe ngalo. I-NGT iyishubhu elithambile neliguquguqukayo elifakwe kwelinye lamakhala akho bese lehla ngomminzo wakho liye esiswini sakho. Ukudla okuwuketshezi okunothe ngemisoco, namanzi kungafakwa phansi ngeshubhu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole izakhi kanye noketshezi oludingayo ngenkathi i-mucositis yakho iphulukisa.
Isifinyezo
- I-Mucositis iwumphumela ovamile we-lymphoma.
- Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha, kodwa akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- Uma kudingeka, bonana nodokotela wamazinyo ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelashwa - buza udokotela wakho wegazi noma i-oncologist ukuthi kufanele yini umbonise, nokuthi bangancoma bani.
- Sebenzisa ibhulashi lamazinyo elithambile, ukuxubha amazinyo akho ngemva kokudla ekuseni nasebusuku, futhi ugeze ngemilomo engenatshwala okungenani izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku – Ungakhohlwa ukuhlanza ulimi lwakho.
- Ungase udinge imithi yokuvimbela noma yokwelapha izifo.
- Gwema ukudla okuzokwenza i-mucositis ibe yimbi kakhulu noma ibe buhlungu kakhulu, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi usadla futhi uphuze kahle.
- Ngaphezulu kwekhawunta yokugcoba kungasiza - uma kungenjalo, cela incwadi kadokotela wakho.
- I-panadol encibilikayo noma amaphilisi e-endone nawo angasiza uma amafutha anganele.
- Khuluma nosokhemisi noma udokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko esengeziwe uma i-mucositis yakho ingathuthuki ngamathiphu angenhla.
- Shayela abahlengikazi bethu bokunakekelwa kwe-Lymphoma ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe noma izeluleko. Chofoza inkinobho ethi thintana nathi ezansi kwesikrini ukuze uthole imininingwane yokuxhumana.
