A yingaboy ingabe ukuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe i-spleen futhi ezinye iziguli ezine-lymphoma zingase zidinge i-splenectomy? Singaphila ngaphandle kobende nokho, ngaphandle kobende, umzimba awukwazi ukulwa nezifo. Ngaphandle kobende, izinyathelo zokuphepha ziyadingeka ukuze kwehliswe ingozi yokuthola izifo.
Yini i-spleen?
Ubende yisitho esimise okwesibhakela, esi-oblong esinsomi, futhi sinesisindo esingamagremu angu-170 kubantu abaphile kahle. Itholakala ngemuva kwezimbambo, ngaphansi kwe-diaphragm, nangaphezulu nangemuva kwesisu ohlangothini lwesobunxele lomzimba.
I-spleen idlala izindima eziningi ezisekelayo emzimbeni ezihlanganisa:
- Isebenza njengesisefo segazi njengengxenye yamasosha omzimba
- Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amadala agaywa kabusha kubende
- Yenza amasosha omzimba
- Ama-platelet namangqamuzana amhlophe egazi agcinwa ku-spleen
- Ukugcina igazi elengeziwe lapho lingadingeki
- Ubende lusiza futhi ukulwa nezinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane abangela inyumoniya kanye ne-meningitis
Izimpawu zokwanda kobende
Izimpawu zivame ukuvela kancane kancane futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingaqala zingacacile zize zibe zimbi kakhulu. Izimpawu zihlanganisa:
- Ubuhlungu noma umuzwa wokugcwala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu sakho
- Ukuzizwa usuthi ngokushesha ngemva kokudla
- Ukukhathala
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Izifo ezitholakala njalo
- Ukopha noma ukulimaza kalula kunokujwayelekile
- I-anemia
- jaundice
I-Lymphoma kanye ne-spleen
I-Lymphoma ingathinta i-spleen yakho ngezindlela eziningi futhi ihlanganisa:
- Amangqamuzana e-lymphoma angakheka ngaphakathi kwe-spleen eyenza ikhukhumale noma ikhule. Ngezinye izikhathi i-spleen ekhulisiwe ingase ibe uphawu kuphela lokuthi othile une-lymphoma. I-spleen ekhulisiwe ibizwa nangokuthi i-splenomegaly. I-splenomegaly ingenzeka ngezinhlobo eziningana ze-lymphoma ezihlanganisa:
- IHodgkin lymphoma
- I-lymphocytic leukemia engapheli
- Sabalalisa i-B-cell lymphoma enkulu
- I-Mantle cell lymphoma
- I-Hary cell leukemia
- I-splenic marginal zone lymphoma
- I-Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia
- I-Lymphoma yona ingenza i-spleen isebenze kanzima kunokujwayelekile futhi i-spleen ingabangela i-autoimmune i-anemia ye-hemolytic or i-immune thrombocytopenia. Ubende-ke kufanele usebenze kanzima ukuze ucekele phansi amangqamuzana egazi abomvu agcotshwe ngamasosha omzimba noma amaplatelet. Uma i-lymphoma isemnkantsheni wethambo, i-spleen ingase izame ukusiza ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi amasha. Lapho i-spleen isebenza kakhulu, ingavuvukala.
- Lapho ubende luvuvukele, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu namaplatelet amaningi kunokuvamile angena kuwo. Iphinde ikhiphe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi namaplatelet egazini ngokushesha kunokuba kufanele. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lala maseli egazini futhi kungabangela i-anemia (isibalo esiphansi samangqamuzana egazi abomvu) noma i-thrombocytopenia (isibalo esiphansi seplatelet). Lezi zimpawu zizoba zimbi kakhulu uma usunazo.
Iyini i-splenectomy?
I-splenectomy iyinqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa i-spleen. Ukukhipha ingxenye yobende kubizwa ngokuthi i-partial splenectomy. Ukukhipha wonke ubende kubizwa ngokuthi i-splenectomy ephelele.
Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa njengokuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic (ukuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole) noma ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile. Yomibili le misebenzi yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia jikelele.
Ukuhlinzeka nge-laparoscopic
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic akulula kakhulu kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile. Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza izimbobo ezi-3 noma ezi-4 esiswini bese i-laparoscope ifakwa koku-1 kokusikwa. Ezinye izimbobo zisetshenziselwa ukufaka amathuluzi kanye nokukhipha i-spleen. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, isisu simpontshwa sigcwele igesi ye-carbon dioxide ukuze kube lula ukuhlinza futhi izimbobo zithungwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Iziguli zingase zigoduke ngalo lolo suku noma ngosuku olungemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile
Ukusikwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-ribcage kwesokunxele noma iqonde phansi maphakathi nesisu. Khona-ke i-spleen iyasuswa, futhi i-spleen iyasikwa futhi imbozwe ngesambatho. Iziguli ngokuvamile zizohlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa futhi zisuswe imishudo noma iziqeshana emasontweni ambalwa kamuva.
Yiziphi izizathu ezenza abanye abantu badinge i-splenectomy?
Kunezizathu ezimbalwa abantu abangase badinge ukuthi babe ne-splenectomy, futhi lezi zingabandakanya:
- Umdlavuza oyinhloko we-spleen kanye nomdlavuza osabalele ku-spleen
- Iziguli ze-lymphoma ezidinga i-spleen ukuze zihlole ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-lymphoma abanalo
- I-anemia noma i-thrombocytopenia lapho kungekho mpendulo yokwelashwa
- I-Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
- Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ibhaktheriya, noma izimuncagazi
- Ukuhlukumezeka, njengokulimala ngenxa yengozi yemoto
- Ubende olunethumba
- Isifo se-sickle cell
- Thalassemia
Ukuhlala ngaphandle kobende
Amasosha omzimba ngeke asebenze kahle ngemva kwe-splenectomy. Ezinye izitho ezinjengesibindi, umnkantsha kanye nama-lymph nodes zizothatha eminye yemisebenzi yobende. Noma ubani ongenaso ubende usengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
Ezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukunciphisa amathuba okutheleleka yilezi:
- Thinta ithimba lokunakekelwa kwezempilo kusenesikhathi uma kunezimpawu nezimpawu zokutheleleka
- Uma ulunywe noma ukuklwejwa isilwane xhumana nethimba lezempilo ngokushesha
- Qiniseka ukuthi yonke imigomo isesikhathini ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Imithi yokugomela umkhuhlane iyadingeka minyaka yonke kanye nemijovo ye-pneumococcal njalo eminyakeni emi-5. Imithi yokugoma eyengeziwe ingase idingeke uma uya phesheya kwezilwandle.
- Thatha ama-antibiotics ngemuva kwe-splenectomy njengoba kunqunyiwe. Ezinye iziguli zizoba nazo iminyaka emi-2 noma ezinye zingaba nazo impilo yonke
- Nakekela kakhulu lapho uya phesheya kwezilwandle. Phatha ama-antibiotics ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho uhamba. Gwema ukuya emazweni anomalaleveva.
- Gqoka amagilavu nezicathulo lapho usebenza engadini futhi usebenza ngaphandle ukuze uvimbele ukulimala
- Qiniseka ukuthi udokotela kanye nodokotela wamazinyo bayazi uma ungenawo ubende
- Gqoka isongo lesixwayiso sezokwelapha
