A umnkantsha wethambo iyinqubo esetshenziselwa ukuxilonga kanye nesiteji izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-lymphoma, i-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi.
Ubani odinga ukuhlolwa komnkantsha?
I-Lymphoma ne-CLL yizinhlobo zomdlavuza othinta uhlobo lwengqamuzana elimhlophe legazi elibizwa ngokuthi i-lymphocyte. Ama-lymphocyte enziwa emnkantsheni wakho, bese ethuthela ohlelweni lwakho lwe-lymphatic. Amangqamuzana abalulekile amasosha akho omzimba asiza ukulwa nezifo futhi akuvikele ezifweni.
I-Lymphoma ivame ukuqala ohlelweni lwakho lwe-lymphatic oluhlanganisa ama-lymph nodes, izitho ze-lymphatic kanye nemikhumbi. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile ukuthi i-lymphoma noma i-CLL iqale emnkantsheni wakho. Nokho, ngokuvamile, iqala ohlelweni lwakho lwe-lymphatic, futhi njengoba iqhubekela phambili iya emnkantsheni wakho. Uma i-lymphoma/CLL isisemnkantsheni wakho, ungase ungakwazi ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi amasha anempilo ngendlela ephumelelayo njengenjwayelo.
Uma udokotela esola ukuthi une-lymphoma noma i-CLL, bangancoma ukuthi ube ne-biopsy yomnkantsha. Amasampula avela ku-biopsy angabonisa ukuthi ikhona yini i-lymphoma emnkantsheni wakho. Ama-biopsies omnkantsha angenziwa ngudokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile noma unesi.
Ungase udinge okungaphezulu kwe-biopsy yomnkantsha owodwa njengoba ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlola ukuthi isifo sakho sizinzile yini, uma usabela ekwelashweni, noma ukuhlola ukuthi i-lymphoma/CLL yakho iphinde yabuyela emuva yini ngemva kwesikhathi sokuxolelwa.
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-lymphoma ozodinga i-bone marrow biopsy noma kunjalo. Udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukhuluma nawe mayelana nokuthi i-biopsy yomnkantsha iwuhlobo olufanele yini lokuhlolwa kwakho.
Iyini i-biopsy yomnkantsha?
Umnkantsha utholakala phakathi kwawo wonke amathambo akho. Kuyindawo ebukeka njengepontshi ebomvu nephuzi lapho wonke amaseli akho egazi enziwa khona.
A umnkantsha wethambo kuyinqubo lapho amasampula omnkantsha wakho athathwa futhi ahlolwe i-pathology. I-biopsy yomnkantsha, ngokuvamile ithathwa ethanjeni le-hip yakho, kodwa ingabuye ithathwe kwamanye amathambo njengethambo lakho lesifuba (i-sternum) namathambo omlenze.
Uma une-biopsy yomnkantsha, izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zamasampuli ngokuvamile zithathwa. Zihlanganisa:
- I-Bone marrow aspirate (BMA): lokhu kuhlola kuthatha inani elincane loketshezi olutholakala endaweni yomnkantsha
- I-Bone marrow aspirate trephine (BMAT): lokhu kuhlola kuthatha isampula elincane lomnkantsha wethambo
Uma amasampula akho efika ku-pathology, udokotela uzowahlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze abone ukuthi akhona yini amaseli e-lymphoma. Bangase futhi benze ezinye izivivinyo kumasampula e-biopsy yomnkantsha wakho ukuze babone ukuthi azikho yini izinguquko zofuzo okungenzeka zibe nomthelela ekuthuthukeni kwe-lymphoma / CLL yakho, noma okungase kube nomthelela ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okuzokusebenzela kangcono.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuba ngithole i-biopsy yomnkantsha?
Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi kungani becabanga ukuthi i-biopsy yomnkantsha iyadingeka. Bazokunikeza ulwazi mayelana nenqubo, okufanele ukwenze ngaphambi kwenqubo nokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani ngemva kwenqubo. Noma yibuphi ubungozi kanye nezinzuzo zenqubo kufanele futhi uchazelwe wena ngendlela oyiqondayo. Uzonikezwa nethuba lokubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.
Imibuzo kaDokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthi usayine imvume yakho
Eminye imibuzo ongathanda ukuyibuza ihlanganisa:
- Ngingakwazi ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlolwa komnkantsha? Uma kungenjalo kufanele ngiyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza?
- Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha imithi yami ngaphambi kwenqubo? (Thatha uhlu lwayo yonke imithi yakho, amavithamini kanye nezithako ngesikhathi sakho ukuze wenze lokhu kube lula. Uma unesifo sikashukela noma usebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinciphisa igazi kubalulekile ukusho lokhu kudokotela wakho).
- Ngingakwazi yini ukuzishayela ngiya futhi ngibuya emtholampilo ngosuku lokuhlolwa komnkantsha wami?
- Ngabe inqubo izothatha isikhathi esingakanani, futhi ngizoba isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela noma emtholampilo ngosuku lokuhlolwa komnkantsha wami?
- Uzokwenza kanjani isiqiniseko sokuthi ngikhululekile, noma angibuzwa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
- Ngingabuyela nini emsebenzini noma esikoleni?
- Ngabe ngizodinga noma ubani nami ngemuva kwenqubo?
- Yini engingayenza ukuze nginciphise ubuhlungu uma ngithola ubuhlungu ngemva kwenqubo?
Ukuvuma
Usuku lwe-biopsy yomnkantsha
Uma ungekho esibhedlela kakade uzonikezwa isikhathi sokuza endaweni yokuhlolwa komnkantsha wakho.
Ungase unikezwe ingubo ukuze ushintshe noma ugqoke izingubo zakho. Uma ugqoka izingubo zakho, qiniseka ukuthi udokotela uzokwazi ukuba nendawo eyanele eduze kwe-hip yakho ukuze enze i-biopsy. Ihembe noma ibhulawuzi elinebhulukwe elixegayo noma isiketi lingasebenza kahle.
Ungabi nokudla noma okuphuzwayo ngaphandle uma udokotela noma unesi wakho ethe kulungile. Kuvamile ukuzila ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlolwa komnkantsha - okungenakho ukudla noma okuphuzwayo amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba uhlinze. Uma ungenayo i-sedation, ungase ukwazi ukudla nokuphuza. Udokotela noma unesi wakho uzokwazi ukukwazisa ukuthi yisiphi isikhathi osidingayo ukuze uyeke ukudla nokuphuza.
Kuvamile ukuba kuhlolwe igazi ngaphambi kwe-bone marrow biopsy ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi igazi lakho liyakwazi ukujiyisa kahle ngemva kwenqubo. Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase kuthathwe uma kudingeka.
Umhlengikazi wakho uzokubuza imibuzo eminingi futhi akwenzele umfutho wegazi lakho, ahlole ukuphefumula kwakho, amazinga omoya-mpilo kanye nezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukubheka noma ukuqaphela, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa nangokuthi izimpawu ezibalulekile).
Umhlengikazi wakho uzobuza ukuthi ugcine nini ukudla nokuthi uphuze okuthile, nokuthi uthatha yiphi imithi. Uma unesifo sikashukela, sicela wazise unesi wakho ukuze akwazi ukuqapha amazinga akho kashukela egazini.
Ngaphambi kwe-biopsy yomnkantsha wakho
Uzothola isibulali-zinzwa sasendaweni ngaphambi kwe-biopsy yomnkantsha wakho, okuyinaliti enomuthi ovala indawo ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu. Isikhungo ngasinye sihluke kancane endleleni abakulungiselela ngayo inqubo, kodwa unesi noma udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukuchazela inqubo. Bazokwazisa futhi nganoma yimiphi imithi ongase ube nayo ngesikhathi noma ngaphambi kwe-biopsy yomnkantsha wakho.
Uma unokukhathazeka noma uzwa ubuhlungu kalula, khuluma nodokotela noma unesi wakho ngalokhu. Bazokwazi ukwenza uhlelo lokukunikeza imithi ezokusiza ukhululeke futhi uphephe ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kwezinye izimo, ungase unikezwe i-sedation ngaphambi kwenqubo yakho. I-sedation ikwenza ulale (kodwa ungaquleki) futhi ikusiza ukuthi ungakhumbuli inqubo. Kodwa lokhu akufanelekile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi awukwazi ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini, noma ukwenza izinqumo ezibalulekile amahora angama-24 (usuku olugcwele nobusuku) ngemva kwenqubo uma ulaliswa.
Ezinye izinhlobo zemithi ongase unikezwe ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi se-bone marrow biopsy zihlanganisa:
- igesi nomoya – Igesi nomoya kunikeza ukudambisa izinhlungu ezithatha isikhathi esifushane oziphefumulelayo uma ukudinga.
- Umuthi womjovo – imithi inikezwa ukuze ulale kodwa ungalali ngokuphelele.
- I-Penthrox inhaler – umuthi osetshenziswa ukwehlisa ubuhlungu. Uphefumula kusetshenziswa i-inhaler ekhethekile. Iziguli zivame ukululama ngemva kwalokho ngokushesha kulolu hlobo lokuthomalalisa. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kwaziwa ngokuthi "ikhwela eliluhlaza".
Kwenzekani phakathi ne-biopsy yomnkantsha wami?
Ama-biopsies omnkantsha ngokuvamile athathwa ku-pelvis yakho (ithambo le-hip). Uzocelwa ukuthi ulale ngohlangothi futhi uzigoqe, amadolo akho aphakamisele esifubeni sakho. Ezikhathini ezingavamile isampula ingase ithathwe ku-sternum (ithambo lebele). Uma kunje ungalala ngomhlane. Kubalulekile ukukhululeka futhi uqinisekise ukuthi uyabatshela abasebenzi uma ungakhululekile. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzohlanza indawo futhi ajove umuthi obulala izinzwa endaweni.
I-bone marrow aspirate yenziwa kuqala. Udokotela wakho noma unesi uzofaka inaliti ekhethekile ethanjeni nasesikhaleni esiphakathi nendawo. Bazobe sebekhipha uketshezi oluncane lomnkantsha. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obufushane obubukhali lapho isampula idwetshwa. Lokhu kuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje.
Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu isampula yoketshezi ayikwazi ukukhishwa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka bazodinga ukuyikhipha inaliti, bese bezama futhi kwenye indawo.
Udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi uyobe esethatha isampula yezicubu zomnkantsha wamathambo oqinile. Inaliti iklanywe ngokukhethekile ukuthatha ingxenye encane yomnkantsha, ecishe ibe ububanzi njengothi lukamentshisi.
Kwenzekani ngemva kwe-biopsy yomnkantsha wami?
Uzodinga ukuhlala ulele phansi isikhathi esifushane (cishe imizuzu engama-30). Abasebenzi bazobheka ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukopha. Abantu abaningi abadinga i-biopsy yomnkantsha benza inqubo njengesiguli esilaliswa ngaphandle futhi akudingeki balale esibhedlela ubusuku bonke.
Ukunakekelwa okutholayo ngemuva kwe-biopsy yomnkantsha wakho kuzoncika ekutheni ube ne-sedation noma cha. Uma uke wapholiswa, abahlengikazi bazoqapha umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokuphefumula njalo ngemva kwemizuzu eyi-15-30 isikhashana - ngokuvamile cishe amahora amabili ngemva kwenqubo. Uma ubungenayo i-sedation, ngeke udinge ukuthi umfutho wegazi wakho nokuphefumula kwakho kuqashwe ngokucophelela.
Uma uke wadunyiswa
Uma usululeme ngokugcwele kunoma yikuphi ukulaliswa, futhi nabahlengikazi bakho sebeqiniseka ukuthi isilonda sakho ngeke sopha, uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, ungase udinge omunye umuntu ozokushayela - hlola nomhlengikazi wakho mayelana nokuthi kuphephile nini ukuthi uphinde ushayele - uma uke wapholiswa ukuthokomala lokhu ngeke kwenzeke kuze kube ngakusasa.
Ingabe uzoba nezinhlungu?
Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, umuthi obulala izinzwa wendawo uzophela futhi ungase ube nokungakhululeki lapho inaliti ifakwe khona. Ungathatha ukudambisa izinhlungu njenge-paracetamol (ebizwa nangokuthi i-panadol noma i-panamax). I-Paracetamol ivamise ukusebenza ngempumelelo ekulawuleni noma ibuphi ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwakho kodwa uma ingekho, noma uma ungakwazi ukuphuza i-paracetamol nganoma yisiphi isizathu, sicela ukhulume nomhlengikazi noma udokotela wakho mayelana nokunye ongakhetha kukho.
Ubuhlungu akumele buqine kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma bunjalo, sicela uxhumane nodokotela noma unesi wakho.
Uzoba nezingubo ezincane ezimboza isiza, gcina lokhu okungenani amahora angama-24. Ungakwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile uma ubuhlungu sebubolile.
Yiziphi izingozi nge-biopsy yomnkantsha?
I-biopsy yomnkantsha ngokuvamile iyinqubo ephephile kakhulu.
Ubuhlungu
Nakuba uzonikezwa i-anesthetic yendawo, kuvamile ukuzwa ubuhlungu obuthile phakathi nenqubo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi akwenzeki ukuba ndikindiki indawo engaphakathi emathanjeni akho, kodwa akufanele uzwe nobuhlungu benaliti edlula esikhumbeni sakho. Uma uthola ubuhlungu lapho kuthathwa isampula, ngokuvamile ubuhlungu obufushane obubukhali obuhlala ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ungase futhi ube ngemuva kwenqubo njenge-anesthesia yendawo. Lokhu akufanele kube nzima futhi kufanele kulawulwe kalula nge-paracetamol. Hlola nodokotela bakho mayelana nokuthi iyiphi impumuzo yobuhlungu ongayenza uma uyidinga.
Umonakalo wezinzwa
Ukulimala kwezinzwa kuyivelakancane kakhulu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ukulimala kwezinzwa okuncane kungase kwenzeke. Lokhu kungabangela ubuthakathaka obuthile nokuba ndikindiki, futhi ngokuvamile kungokwesikhashana. Uma uba ndikindiki noma ubuthakathaka ngemva kwe-biopsy yomnkantsha ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa, bika kudokotela wakho.
ukopha
Ungase ube nokopha okuthile lapho inaliti ifakwe khona futhi ukopha okuncane kusuke sekwejwayelekile. Nokho, ingase iqale ukopha futhi lapho uya ekhaya. Nalokhu kuvamise ukuba yinani elincane kuphela, kodwa uma ukuqaphela ukopha kakhulu, bamba okuthile uqinise endaweni. Uma une-cold pack cindezela lokho nasendaweni njengoba umkhuhlane usiza ukunqanda ukopha futhi ungasiza nakunoma ibuphi ubuhlungu.
Ezimweni ezingavamile ukopha kungase kube kubi kakhulu. Uma ukopha kunganqamuki uma usufake ingcindezi kuzomele uxhumane nodokotela wakho.
Ukutheleleka
Ukutheleleka kuyinkinga engavamile yenqubo. Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela bakho uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka njengokuthi;
- Imfiva (izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-38 degrees Celsius)
- Ukwanda kobuhlungu endaweni yomjovo
- Ukuvuvukala noma ububomvu endaweni yomjovo
- Noma ibuphi ubomvu noma ukuvuza ngaphandle kwegazi eliphuma kusayithi
Isampula elinganele
Kwesinye isikhathi inqubo ayiphumeleli noma isampula ayinikezi ukuxilongwa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ungase udinge enye i-biopsy yomnkantsha. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha kufanele likunikeze ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuthi ungasifuna nini iseluleko.
Isifinyezo
- Izinqubo zomnkantsha ngokuvamile ziyizinqubo eziphephile ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga noma isiteji se-lymphoma, i-CLL kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi.
- Ukuba nenqubo kuyisinqumo sakho futhi uzodinga ukusayina ifomu lemvume uma ukhetha ukuba inqubo yenziwe
- Gqoka izingubo ezixegayo ngesikhathi esibekiwe
- Ungadli amahora angu-6 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho - ngaphandle uma udokotela noma unesi ekutshela okuhlukile
- Yazisa ithimba lezempilo uma unesifo sikashukela lapho ufika esifundweni sakho
- Hlola nodokotela wakho noma unesi mayelana nemithi ongayiphuza ngaphambi kwenqubo
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nemithi engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa ubuhlungu noma imithi yokulwa nokukhathazeka ongase uyidinge.
- Kufanele uhlose ukuba sesibhedlela noma emtholampilo kuze kube amahora angu-2 ngemva kwenqubo yakho
- Bika noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka kudokotela wakho.
