ʻO kā mākou ʻōnaehana lymphatic kahi ʻupena koʻikoʻi o nā moku, nā ʻōpū lymph a me nā ʻāpana e hana pū ana e mālama pono iā mākou. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ia o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale a ʻaʻole hiki i kā mākou ʻōnaehana immune a lymphatic ke hana me ka ʻole o kekahi.
Ma kēia ʻaoʻao e hāʻawi mākou i kahi ʻike o kā mākou lymphatic a me nā ʻōnaehana pale, a me kā lākou hana e mālama ai iā mākou.
He aha ke ʻano o ka lymphatic a me nā ʻōnaehana pale?
Hoʻokumu ʻia kā mākou ʻōnaehana lymphatic i:
- Lymph aka wahi
- Nā moku lymphatic
- Lymphocytes (he ʻano o ke koko keʻokeʻo)
- ʻO nā kino me kā mākou:
- ʻŌiwi iwi
- ʻO ka thymus gland
- ʻO nā tonsils a me nā adenoids
- Pākuʻi
- ʻLepala
Hoʻokumu ʻia kā mākou ʻōnaehana Immune i:
- ʻO ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic
- ʻO nā pale kino e like me ka ʻili, ka mucous membrane a me nā ʻakika ʻōpū.
- Nā Antibodies (i hana ʻia e nā lymphocytes B-cell)
- ʻO nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a pau me:
- neutrophil
- eosinofil
- basophil
- mast cell
- macrophages
- nā hunaola dendritic
- nā lymphocytes
Pehea e hana like ai kā mākou ʻōnaehana lymphatic a me nā ʻōnaehana pale?
Hoʻokumu ʻia kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale i nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpana o ko mākou kino e pale ikaika iā mākou mai nā germs a i ʻole nā poino e alakaʻi ai i ka maʻi a me ka maʻi. Ke kaua ikaika nei kā mākou mau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i nā germs, a ʻike, hoʻoponopono a hoʻopau paha i nā cell i poino. Ke hana nei ko mākou ʻili, nā ʻāʻī mucous a me nā waikawa i loko o ko mākou ʻōpū e hoʻolako i kahi pale e pale ai i nā maʻi mai ke komo ʻana i loko, a i ʻole ka laha ʻana i loko o ko mākou kino.
ʻO kā mākou lymphatic pūnaewele naʻe, ʻo ia ka ʻupena lawe (lymphatic vessels and lymph fluid) no ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale, a kōkua i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā cell immune āpau ma o ko mākou kino, a me ka wehe ʻana i nā huahana ʻōpala mai nā hana pale. Hāʻawi pū ia i nā wahi i loko o ko mākou kino (lymph nodes and organs) no ka ʻōnaehana pale e hana i kāna hana.
Nā mea hou aku e pili ana i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale
ʻElua mau hana nui o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale - ʻo ka immunity innate a me ka immunity adaptive. Hoʻohana maikaʻi kēia mau hana ʻelua e hāʻawi iā mākou i ka pale koke a lōʻihi mai nā germs a me nā pōʻino e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi a me ka maʻi.
Ka palekana kino
ʻO ka immunity innate ka palekana i hānau ʻia mākou. Loaʻa iā ia nā pale kino a me kekahi o kā mākou mau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e ʻike koke i nā cell i poino a ʻaʻole pili iā mākou (germs) a hoʻomaka e hakakā iā lākou.
Nā pale o ke kino
Skin – ʻO ko mākou ʻili ka mea nui loa o ko mākou kino. Mālama ia iā mākou ma ka hana ʻana i kahi pale kino e pale ai i ka nui o nā germs mai ke komo ʻana i loko o ko mākou kino. Ke ʻoki mākou iā mākou iho a haki paha a nalowale ka ʻili, hiki iā mākou ke piʻi nui i ka maʻi ma muli o ke komo ʻana o nā germs i loko o ko mākou kino.
ʻO nā ʻāʻī mucous - I kekahi manawa, hanu mākou i nā germs. I kēia mau hihia, loaʻa iā mākou nā mucous membrane e laina ana i ko mākou ihu a me nā alaloa e paʻa ana i nā germs a hiki i kā mākou mau cell immune e hopu a hoʻouka iā lākou. Loaʻa iā mākou nā mucous membrane like e laina ana i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ko mākou kino e hana like.
ʻAʻakika ʻōpū - Inā ʻai mākou i ka meaʻai i loaʻa i nā germs, ua hoʻolālā ʻia ko mākou ʻōpū e pepehi i nā germs. Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana iā mākou i ka maʻi a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai.
Keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo - ʻO ka hapa nui o kā mākou mau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo me ka ʻokoʻa o nā lymphocytes he ʻāpana o ko mākou ʻano palekana. Aia ka hana e ʻike koke i ke kelepona a i ʻole ke kino i ʻike ʻole ʻia a hoʻomaka i kahi hoʻouka kaua. ʻAʻole lākou kikoʻī loa, akā hana wikiwiki lākou. I ka wā i hakakā ai lākou i ka germ, hoʻouna lākou i nā hōʻailona i kā mākou mau cell immune adaptive e hōʻike iā lākou e hele mai e hui i ka hakakā a i ʻole e kākau i nā memo a hana. pūnaewele hoʻomanaʻo (e ʻike i ka palekana palekana) e mākaukau maikaʻi e hakakā i ka maʻi inā hoʻi mai..
ʻO ke keʻokeʻo maʻamau maʻamau o kou ʻano palekana e lohe ai ʻoe neutrophil. ʻO kēia ka mea hana o kou palekana kūlohelohe, akā hiki ke emi i ka helu inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lymphoma a i ʻole CLL. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻemi i kāu helu o nā neutrophils, e hoʻonui iā ʻoe i ka pilikia o ka maʻi. Ke haʻahaʻa kāu neutrophils, kapa ʻia ia neutropenia.
Adaptive (loaʻa) immunity
Ua kapa ʻia ko mākou ʻokoʻa adaptive immunity no ka mea ʻaʻole mākou i hānau ʻia me ia. Loaʻa iā mākou (a hoʻomohala paha) ia i ko mākou hele ʻana i ke ola a ʻike ʻia i nā ʻano germs like ʻole. Kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ko mākou "immunological memory" no ka mea e hoʻomanaʻo ana ko mākou ʻokoʻa adaptive i nā maʻi i loaʻa iā mākou i ka wā ma mua a mālama i kekahi mau keena kūikawā loa i kapa ʻia ʻo Memory B-cells a i ʻole nā kelepona T hoʻomanaʻo i loko o kā mākou lymph nodes a me nā ʻāpana lymphatic.
Inā loaʻa hou iā mākou nā germs like, e hoʻomaka kā mākou mau mea hoʻomanaʻo me kahi hoʻouka kikoʻī a pololei loa e hakakā i ka germ ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manawa e maʻi ai iā mākou. Akā ʻo kēlā me kēia o kā mākou mau mea hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo wale nō e ʻike i hoʻokahi germ, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole lākou e hakakā pinepine e like me nā cell o ko mākou ʻano kūlohelohe, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hakakā ʻana i nā germs a lākou e hoʻomanaʻo ai.
ʻO nā pūnaewele koʻikoʻi o kā mākou ʻokoʻa adaptive ʻo ia nā cell like i lilo i ka maʻi kanesa ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lymphoma a i ʻole CLL - ʻO Lymphocytes.
Nā Antibodies (Immunoglubulins)
Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻano oʻo B-cells he Plasma B-cells, a hana lākou i nā antibodies e hakakā i nā maʻi. Ua kapa ʻia nā antibody he immunoglobulins. No ka mea hiki i ka lymphoma a me ka CLL ke hoʻopili i kāu mau pūnaewele B, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa nā pae haʻahaʻa o nā antibodies a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka maʻi. Ke hiki mai kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi ʻia i kahi infusion o nā antibodies i kapa ʻia IntraVenous ImmunoGlubulins - IVIG, mai ka mea hāʻawi.
Hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kā mākou palekana adaptive. Ma ka hōʻike ʻana iā mākou i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ʻāpana o ka germ, ʻaʻole lawa ia e maʻi ai mākou, kōkua ia i kā mākou ʻōnaehana adaptive e ʻike a hana i nā cell memory e hakakā ai i ka maʻi inā loaʻa mākou iā ia i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
E aʻo hou e pili ana i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o kāu lymphatic a me nā ʻōnaehana pale, ma ke kaomi ʻana i nā poʻomanaʻo ma lalo.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Lymph nodes i kekahi manawa he lymph glands. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kāu mau lymph nodes, akā inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi puʻupuʻu pehu ma kou ʻāʻī a i ʻole laina iwiā i ka wā o ka maʻi pepeiao a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī, ʻo ia ka pehu ʻana o kou puʻu lymph. Huhu kou lymph nodes i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai kāu mau cell immune e hakakā a hoʻopau i nā germs e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi. Lawe ʻia nā germs i loko o ka lymph node kahi i luku ʻia a wehe ʻia mai kou kino.
Loaʻa ka hapa nui o kā mākou lymphocytes i loko o kā mākou lymph nodes a me nā ʻāpana lymphatic, akā hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa i nā ʻāpana pale ʻē aʻe i loko o kā mākou lymph nodes.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine ka hōʻailona mua o ka lymphoma he pehu a he puʻupuʻu paha, no ka mea, piha ka lymph node i nā lymphocytes cancerous a hoʻomaka e pehu.
ʻO kā mākou mau moku lymphatic he pūnaewele o nā "alanui" e hoʻopili pū i kā mākou lymph nodes a me nā ʻāpana lymphatic. ʻO lākou ka ʻuena lawe nui e hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻili pale a puni ko mākou kino, a e hoʻoneʻe i ka ʻōpala mai nā pūnaewele poino a maʻi paha.
Aia i loko o ko mākou mau moku lymphatic kahi wai maʻemaʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo lymph, e kōkua ana i nā cell immune e kahe maʻalahi i loko o ko mākou mau moku lymphatic. He hana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ko ia no ka mea he pahele ia i ka maʻi bacteria, a lawe ʻia i nā ʻōpū lymph i hiki ke luku ʻia.
ʻO nā Lymphocytes kekahi ʻano o ke koko keʻokeʻo e hakakā nei i ka maʻi a me ka maʻi. Loaʻa iā lākou nā pūnaewele B, nā pūnae T a me nā pūnana pepehi kanaka maoli (NK), a ua hana ʻia i loko o ko mākou iwi iwi ma mua o ka neʻe ʻana i loko o kā mākou lymphatic system.
He ʻokoʻa nā Lymphocytes mai nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano o ka hakakā ʻana i ka maʻi. He ʻāpana lākou o kā mākou palekana hoʻololi.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike ua pili ʻoe me nā germs, no ka mea, ke hakakā nei kāu lymphocytes a me nā cell immune ʻē aʻe iā lākou ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manawa e maʻi ai iā ʻoe.
Noho kekahi mau lymphocytes ma nā wahi like ʻole o ko mākou kino. Hui pū lākou i loko o ke kapa o kekahi o kā mākou mau ʻiʻo a inā e komo kekahi germs i loko o ia mau ʻōpū, hiki i nā lymphocytes ke hana a pale iā lākou mai ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi maʻi. ʻO kekahi mau wahi o ko mākou kino i loaʻa kēia mau pūʻulu lymphocytes i loko o lākou, ʻo kā mākou:
- ʻāpana ʻōpū (bowels) – Ua kapa pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea ʻo Peyer's patch
- ʻāpana hanu (nā māmā a me nā ala ea)
- nā ʻōpū (me ka ʻōpū, ka ʻāʻī, a me nā ʻāpana a me nā paipu pili
- ʻāpana mimi (nā ʻāʻī a me ka ʻōpū a me nā paipu pili).
B-pūnaewele
Noho ka hapa nui o nā pūnae B i loko o kā mākou lymph nodes a me ka spleen. Hoʻokumu nā pūnaʻi B makua i kahi protein kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo immunoglobulins - i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he antibodies, he mea maikaʻi loa ia i ka hakakā ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka maʻi.
Hoʻomaha pinepine nā pūnaʻi B i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic a lilo wale i ka hana ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia lākou i kahi maʻi e pono ai lākou e hakakā.
T-cell
Hana ʻia ka hapa nui o kā mākou mau T-cell ma mua o ko mākou hiki ʻana i ke kanaka makua a neʻe i waho o ko mākou iwi iwi i ka wā he mau ʻōpiopio ʻoi loa lākou. Ke neʻe nei lākou i loko o kā mākou thymus kahi e hoʻomau ai lākou e ulu a oʻo. Hoʻomaha pinepine lākou a hoʻoikaika wale ʻia inā loaʻa kahi maʻi e pono ai lākou e hakakā.
Hiki ke loaʻa nā pūnae T i loko o kā mākou lymph nodes, spleen a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o kā mākou lymphatic system akā ma nā helu liʻiliʻi.
Nā pūnaewele pepehi kanaka maoli he ʻano loea kūikawā o T-cell e pili ana i kā mākou ʻelua ʻo ke kino kūlohelohe a adaptive immunity, no laila ua ʻoi aku ka ʻeleu o lākou i nā manawa a pau, a hele pinepine a puni ko mākou kino e ʻimi ana i kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi e pono ai ke kaua.
ʻO nā Lymphocytes nā pūnaewele e lilo i ka maʻi kanesa ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lymphoma o CLL
ʻO ko mākou iwi iwi ka mea ʻōhuʻu i waenakonu o ko mākou mau iwi. ʻO kāna hana ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i kā mākou mau koko koko a me nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, platelets, a me kā mākou mau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo āpau.
ʻO kā mākou thymus gland he ʻano pepeke e noho ana ma lalo pono o ko mākou iwi umauma (sternum). He mea nui ia o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic a kahi e hele ai nā pūnae T ma hope o ko lākou haʻalele ʻana i ka iwi iwi. I ka manawa i loko o ka thymus gland, hoʻomau nā T-cell i ke oʻo a laila noho i kahi kūlana hoʻomaha a pono lākou e hakakā i kahi maʻi.
ʻO kā mākou mau tonsils he mau lymph nodes e kū ana ma hope o ko mākou puʻu, hoʻokahi ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao. Aia nā Adenoids ma ke kua o ko mākou ihu. Hana kēia mau mea ʻelua i ka pale ʻana i nā germs mai ke komo ʻana i loko o ko mākou kino. Pehu pinepine lākou ke loaʻa iā mākou ka ʻeha ʻeha a i ʻole ka maʻi hanu.
ʻO kā mākou spleen he mea lymphatic e noho ana ma lalo o ko mākou diaphragm. ʻO ia kahi e noho ai ka nui o kāu mau lymphocytes B-cell, a hana i nā antibodies. Kōkua pū kā mākou ʻāʻī i ke kānana i ko mākou koko, e wāwahi ana i nā mea kahiko a me nā mea ʻino e hana ai i ke ala no nā cell olakino hou. Hoʻopaʻa pū ia i nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe a me nā platelets, e kōkua ana i kou koko e hoʻopaʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi o kou ʻōpū ma ke kiʻi o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic ma luna o kēia ʻaoʻao.
He aha hou aʻe ka hana o kā mākou lymphatic system?
ʻO kā mākou ʻōnaehana lymphatic ʻekolu mau hana nui e komo pū ana:
Kaapuni a hooponopono wai
ʻO nā momona
Ka pale ʻana i ko mākou kino mai ka maʻi a me ka maʻi
Ma hea e hoʻomaka ai ka lymphoma?
No ka mea hiki i kā mākou lymphocytes ke hele i nā wahi āpau o ko mākou kino, hiki ke hoʻomaka ka lymphoma ma nā wahi āpau o ko mākou kino. Hoʻomaka maʻamau ia ma nā pūnae lymph a i ʻole nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻomaka ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe me ka ʻili, ka māmā, ka ate, ka lolo a i ʻole ke kuamoʻo.
Nodal Lymphoma aia ka lymphoma i loko o kou lymph nodes a i ʻole nā wahi ʻē aʻe o kāu ʻōnaehana lymphatic.
ʻO ka lymphoma extra-nodal ʻO Lymphoma ma waho o kāu mau lymph nodes a me ka lymphatic system. Hoʻopili kēia i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka lymphoma i kou ʻili, ka māmā, ke ake, ka lolo a i ʻole ke kuamoʻo.
hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo
- Hana pū kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale a me ka lymphatic e mālama pono iā mākou.
- ʻOiai ʻo kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale e hakakā ikaika nei i nā germs e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi a me ka maʻi, kākoʻo kā mākou ʻōnaehana lymphatic i ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale, lawe i nā cell immune ma o ko mākou kino, a hāʻawi i nā cell immune i kahi e noho ai.
- ʻO ka Lymphoma kahi maʻi maʻi o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i kapa ʻia he lymphocytes, he ʻāpana o kā mākou ʻōnaehana immune adaptive, a ola i loko o kā mākou lymphatic system.
- ʻO ke kino kino ka ʻōnaehana pale i hānau ʻia mākou.
- ʻO ka palekana adaptive ka ʻōnaehana immune a mākou e hoʻomohala ai i ko mākou ʻike ʻana i nā germs like ʻole i ko mākou ola.
