I-Hypogammaglobulinemia yimeko enokuthi ichaphazele abantu abane-lymphoma. Ii-B-cell lymphocytes zethu zenza amajoni omzimba (ekwabizwa ngokuba zii-immunoglobulins) ezinceda ukulwa usulelo kunye nezifo.
Umhlaza we-B-cell lymphocytes, njenge-B-cell lymphoma, kunye nonyango lwe-lymphoma kunokubangela amanqanaba aphantsi e-antibody egazini lakho. Oku kubizwa hypogammaglobulinemia kwaye kunokubangela ukuba ube sengozini ngakumbi kusulelo okanye unokuba nengxaki yokukhupha usulelo.
Kwabanye abantu, i-hypogammaglobulinemia yimeko yethutyana, ngelixa abanye banokufuna inkxaso ye-immune yexesha elide. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba uya kufuna ixesha elingakanani inkxaso eyongezelelweyo yomzimba.
Igama lezonyango elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza amanqanaba asezantsi e-antibody egazini lakho.
Yintoni izilwa-buhlungu?
Ama-Antibodies luhlobo lweprotheyini eyenziwe yi-B-cell lymphocytes yethu ukulwa nokuphelisa usulelo kunye nesifo (pathogens). Sineentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-antibodies kwaye nganye ilwa kuphela uhlobo oluthile lwe-pathogen. Cofa kwizihloko ezingezantsi ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwa-buhlungu.
Immunoglobulin Gamma
Sinee-antibodies ze-IgG ezininzi kunayo nayiphi na enye i-antibody. Zibunjwe njengonobumba Y .
I-IgG ifumaneka kakhulu egazini lethu nakwezinye iincindi zomzimba. Ezi proteni zinememori ye-immunological, ngoko ke zikhumbula usulelo owawunalo kwixesha elidlulileyo kwaye unokuzibona lula kwixesha elizayo.
Ngalo lonke ixesha sigula sigcina inkumbulo ekhethekileyo ye-IgG egazini ukuze isikhusele kwikamva.
Ukuba ngaba awunayo i-IgG eyaneleyo esempilweni, usenokufumana usulelo oluninzi okanye ube nobunzima bokukhupha usulelo.
Immunoglobulin Alpha (IgA)
I-IgA yi-antibody efumaneka kakhulu kwi-mucous membranes edibanisa amathumbu ethu kunye nomgudu wokuphefumla. Enye i-IgA inokuba sematheni ethu, iinyembezi nakubisi lwebele.
I-IgM yeyona antibody inkulu esinayo kwaye ikhangeleka ngathi zii-“Y” ezi-5 xa zidibene ngokwemilo yevili lenqwelo. Yi-antibody yokuqala kwisiza xa sinosulelo, ngoko ke inqanaba lakho le-IgM linokonyuka ngexesha losulelo, kodwa libuyele kwesiqhelo xa i-IgG okanye ezinye izilwa-buhlungu zivuliwe.
Amanqanaba aphantsi e-IgM angakhokelela ekubeni ufumane usulelo olungaphezulu kunesiqhelo.
I-Immunoglobulin Epsilon (IgE)
I-Immunoglobulin Delta (IgD)
I-IgD yenye yezona antibodies ziqondwa kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, into eyaziwayo kukuba iveliswa ngamaseli e-plasma, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ifunyenwe iqhotyoshelwe kwezinye i-B-cell lymphocytes evuthiweyo kwi-spleen yethu, i-lymph nodes, i-tonsils kunye nomgca womlomo wethu kunye ne-airways (i-mucous membranes).
Iiseli ze-Plasma zolona hlobo luqolileyo lwe-B-cell lymphocytes.
Umlinganiselo omncinci we-IgD unokufumaneka egazini lethu, emiphungeni, kwiindlela zomoya, kwimibhobho yeenyembezi nakwindlebe ephakathi. Kucingelwa ukuba i-IgD ikhuthaza i-B-cell lymphocyte ukuba ibe ziiseli zeplasma. Kucingelwa ukuba ibalulekile ekuthinteleni usulelo lokuphefumla.
I-IgD isoloko ifunyanwa kunye ne-IgM, nangona kunjalo akucaci ukuba zisebenza njani okanye zisebenza kunye.
Iimpawu ze-hypogammaglobulinemia
Iimpawu ze-hypogammaglobulinemia zinxulumene nobuthathaka bakho bomzimba kunye nosulelo olufumana ngenxa yoko.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-hypogammaglobulinemia ziquka:
- Usulelo oluphindaphindiweyo lokuphefumla olufana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ibronchitis, inyumoniya, i-COVID.
- Usulelo kumzila wakho wesisu (esiswini nasemathunjini) okukhokelela ekubeni sisisu, urhudo okanye umoya onuka kakubi okanye i-poo.
- Usulelo olungaqhelekanga
- Ubunzima bokufumana usulelo.
- Ukushisa okuphezulu (umkhuhlane) we-38 degrees okanye ngaphezulu.
- Ukuqhaqhazela kunye neentlungu (ukungcangcazela)
Iimbangela ze-hypogammaglobulinemia
I-Hypogammaglobulinemia inokuba yimeko yemfuza ozelwe nayo ngenxa yokuguquka kwemfuza yakho, okanye inokuba yimeko yesibini. Eli phepha lewebhu limalunga ne-hypogammaglobulinemia yesibini njengoko sisisiphumo sonyango kunemeko ozelwe unayo.
Ukuba nomhlaza we-B-cell lymphocytes yakho (efana ne-B-cell lymphoma) kwandisa umngcipheko wakho we-hypogammaglobulinemia kuba yi-B-cell lymphocytes eyenza amajoni ethu omzimba. Abanye oonobangela banokubandakanya:
- Chemotherapy
- I-antioclonal antibodies
- Iindlela zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo ezifana ne-BTK okanye i-BCL2 inhibitors
- Unyango lwemitha kumathambo akho okanye umongo wethambo
- Corticosteroids
- Iiseli zonyango ezifana ne-Stem-cell transplant okanye unyango lwe-CAR T-cell
- Ukungondleki kakuhle
Unyango lwe-hypogammaglobulinemia
Unyango lwe-hypogammaglobulinemia lujolise ekuthinteleni okanye ekunyangeni naluphi na usulelo ngaphambi kokuba lube sengozini yobomi.
I-hematologist yakho okanye i-oncologist inokukuqalisa ngeyeza elithile lokuthintela. Iprophylactic ithetha ukuthintela. Ezi zinikwa nokuba awunalo usulelo, ukuzama ukunqanda ukuba ugule kamva, okanye unciphise iimpawu zakho ukuba uyagula.
Ezinye iintlobo zamayeza onokuthi uqalise ngawo ziquka:
- I-Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Oku kunokunikelwa njengokutofa ngqo kumjelo wegazi lakho, okanye njengokutofa esiswini sakho. Izaliswe ngama-immunoglobulins avela kumnikeli ukunceda ukonyusa amanqanaba akho e-immunoglobulin (antibody).
- Iyeza elichasayo lokungunda njengeFluconazole okanye posaconazole. Ezi kuthintela okanye ukunyanga usulelo lomngundo ezifana thrush ukuba unako ukufumana emlonyeni wakho okanye amalungu esini
- Iyeza lokulwa nentsholongwane ezifana valacyclovir. Oku kunqanda ukuvutha okanye ukunyanga izifo zentsholongwane ezifana ne-herpes simplex virus (HSV), ebangela izilonda ezibandayo emlonyeni wakho okanye izilonda kumalungu akho angasese.
- Iyeza elichasayo njenge trimethoprim. Oku kuthintela usulelo oluthile lwebhaktiriya njengenyumoniya yebhaktiriya.
Iimpawu zosulelo
Iimpawu zosulelo zingabandakanya:
- Ubushushu okanye ubushushu obungama-38° okanye ngaphezulu
- Ukugodola kunye/okanye ubungqongqo (ukungcangcazela okungalawulekiyo)
- Intlungu kunye nokubomvu malunga namanxeba
- Ubofu okanye ukuphuma enxebeni
- Ukukhohlela okanye umqala obuhlungu
- Ukuphefumula okunzima
- Ulwimi olugqunyiweyo olungaphucukanga emva kokuxukuxa
- Izilonda emlonyeni wakho ezibuhlungu kwaye zibomvu okanye zidumbile (zidumbile)
- Ubunzima, intlungu okanye ukutshisa ukuya kwindlu yangasese
- Ukuziva ungonwabanga jikelele
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza.
Ukunyanga usulelo
Ukuba unosulelo, uya kunikwa iyeza lokunceda ukoyisa usulelo. Oku kunokubandakanya amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ii-antifungal ezininzi okanye amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo onalo. Kusenokufuneka ungeniswe esibhedlele ukuze ube nala mayeza.
Ukuba awuphilanga, okanye uneempawu zosulelo, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana ugqirha wakho, tsalela i-ambulensi ku-"000" okanye uye kwisebe elikufutshane nawe likaxakeka.
isishwankathelo
- I-Hypogammaglobulinemia ligama lezonyango elisetyenziselwa ukuba namanqanaba asezantsi e-antibody egazini lakho.
- Ii-antibodies zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-immunoglobulins kwaye ziyiprotheyini eyenziwe yi-B-cell lymphocyte.
- I-Immunoglobulins yinxalenye enkulu yamajoni ethu omzimba kwaye ilwa nosulelo, izifo kunye nokunceda ukususa emzimbeni wethu.
- Amanqanaba asezantsi e-antibody anokubangela ukuba ufumane usulelo oluphindaphindiweyo, okanye ube nobunzima bokufumana usulelo.
- I-B-cell lymphomas, kunye nonyango lwe-lymphoma lunokubangela i-hypogammaglobulinemia.
- Usenokufuna inkxaso eyongezelelweyo yokhuselo lomzimba ukukukhusela kusulelo kunye nezifo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukufumana i-immunoglobulins kumnikeli okanye i-prophylactic anti-fungal, amayeza e-anti-viral okanye i-antibiotics.
- I-Hypogammaglobulinemia inokuba yimeko yexesha elifutshane okanye idinga ulawulo lwexesha elide. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ulindele ntoni.
- Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nxibelelana nabongikazi bethu beLymphoma ngokucofa iqhosha lokunxibelelana nathi ngezantsi kwesikrini.
