Utshintsho kwimiphunga yakho lunokwenzeka ngexesha okanye emva konyango lwe-lymphoma. Utshintsho kwimiphunga yakho olubangwa ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lubizwa ngokuba yi-side-effect ityhefu emiphungeni. Olu tshintsho lunokuchaphazela ukomelela kwakho kunye namandla okuphefumla. Unokufumana ukuphefumla lula kunokuba ubusenza ngaphambi konyango, okanye ukuba ukomelela kwakho akusafani nakuqala.
Eli phepha lewebhu liza kubonelela ngolwazi malunga nokuba loluphi utshintsho olunokwenzeka, kutheni lusenzeka kwaye lunokulawulwa njani.
Yenza ntoni imiphunga yethu?
Imiphunga yethu ngamalungu asinceda ukuba siphefumle. Bayanda njengoko siphefumla ngaphakathi, kwaye bayafinyela njengoko siphefumla ngaphandle. Kusemiphungeni yethu apho ihemoglobin kwiiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi ithatha ioksijini ukuze iyise kuwo wonke umzimba wethu, nalapho iiseli ezibomvu zilahla inkunkuma efana nekharbon diokside ukuze siphefumle ngaphandle.
Sinemiphunga emibini, omnye ukwicala lasekunene kwaye omnye ungasekhohlo kwesifuba. Ngenxa yokuba intliziyo yethu ikwakwicala lasekhohlo lesifuba sethu, umphunga wasekhohlo mncinci kunowo ungasekunene. Imiphunga yethu yasekunene inamacandelo ama-3 (abizwa ngokuba zii-lobes) kwaye umphunga wasekhohlo unelobes ezi-2 kuphela.
Eminye imisebenzi yemiphunga yethu
Umoya ophuma kwimiphunga yethu uyafuneka ukuze sithethe kwaye silawule ilizwi lethu.
Imiphunga yethu idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusikhuseleni kwiintsholongwane ezidala usulelo kunye nezifo. I-B-cell lymphocytes kwimiphunga yethu ivelisa i-antibody ebizwa Immunoglobulin A, enceda ekulweni izifo zokuphefumla.
Imiphunga yethu ikwavelisa uhlobo lwamafinyila oluthi lubambe kwaye lubulale iintsholongwane ukuthintela ukuba zibangele usulelo.
Ngokususa ikharbon diokside xa siphefumla, imiphunga yethu inceda ekuthinteleni umzimba wethu ekubeni neasidi kakhulu. Ngexesha elifutshane, ukuba imizimba yethu iba ne-asidi kakhulu sinokuba nayo:
- ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
- ukudinwa nokuba buthathaka
- ukungcola
- kudideka
- isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha okanye ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imizimba yethu ihlala ineasidi kakhulu ixesha elide sinokuba semngciphekweni ngakumbi weemeko ezithile kunye nezifo ezibandakanya:
- ukubola kwezinyo
- umhlaza
- isifo sentliziyo
- utywala
- umonakalo emqaleni okanye esiswini
- ukunyanya
- iingxaki kwinkqubo yethu ye-nervous, intliziyo okanye izihlunu.
Yintoni ebangela ukuba imiphunga itshintshe?
Ezinye i-lymphomas kunye nokunyangwa kwe-lymphoma kunokubangela utshintsho kwimiphunga yakho.
Lymphoma
I-primary mediastinal lymphoma iqala phakathi kwesifuba sakho (mediastinum) kwaye inokuchaphazela imiphunga yakho. Abantu abaninzi abane-Hodgkin Lymphoma banokuphinda baqalise kwi-mediastinum yabo. Kwaye abanye banokuba ne-lymphoma esasazeka kwisifuba okanye ibeka uxinzelelo kwimiphunga yakho. Ezinye i-lymphomas zinokuqala nakwimiphunga yakho.
Ezi lymphomas zinokuchaphazela yonke imiphunga yakho ukuba mikhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ibeke uxinzelelo kuyo, kwaye inqande ukuba ingandi ngokupheleleyo xa uphefumla ngaphakathi, okanye inkontileka xa uphefumlela ngaphandle. Ukuba i-lymphoma yakho isemiphungeni yakho, inokuchaphazela indlela esebenza ngayo.
Unyango olunokuthi lubangele ubutyhefu bemiphunga
Nangona ichemotherapy isebenza kakhulu ekulweni i-lymphomas ezininzi, amanye amayeza echemotherapy anokuba netyhefu yepulmonary.
IBleomycin
I-Bleomycin yichemotherapy edla ngokusetyenziswa ukunyanga iHodgkin Lymphoma kwaye inako nqabile kubangela utshintsho emiphungeni. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wetyhefu ye-pulmonary ehambelana ne-bleomycin yonyuka ukuba:
- ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-40
- Ukutshaya
- banezinye iimeko zemiphunga
- uneengxaki kwizintso zakho.
Idosi ephezulu yeoksijini ihlala isetyenziswa ezibhedlele okanye ngexesha lokuntywila kwi-scuba diving. Ukuba ioksijini iyafuneka esibhedlele unokunikwa umoya wonyango endaweni yedosi ephezulu yeoksijini. Qinisekisa wena soloko ubazisa oogqirha bakho nabongikazi ukuba une-bleomycin, nokuba wawunayo kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Banokuthi badwelise ioksijini njenge-allergies ukuqinisekisa ukuba awunikwa i-oxygen ephezulu.
Luluvo olulungileyo ukuthwala ikhadi okanye ukuba nebhendi yesihlahla okanye isongo sokwazisa abantu ukuba awunakufumana idosi ephezulu yeoksijini xa unokuthi ukwimeko yokuba ungakwazi ukuyithetha ngokwakho.
I-Bleomycin iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwi-chemotherapy protocols i-ABVD kunye ne-eBEACOPP.
Ezinye iikhemotherapies
Ezinye iikhemotherapies ezinokubangela ubutyhefu bemiphunga zidweliswe ngezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zinqabile, kwaye uninzi lwabantu abafumana unyango aluyi kuba netyhefu yemiphunga.
- imethotrexate
- gemcitabine
- busulfan
- i-carmustine
- melphalan
- cyclophosphamide
- chlorambucil
- icytarabine
- I-chemo esekwe kwiplatinam efana ne-cisplatin okanye i-carboplatin.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-bleomycin, ukuba ubutyhefu bakho be-pulmonary bubangelwa uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-chemotherapy uya kukwazi ukusebenzisa i-oksijini ephezulu xa kuyimfuneko ngaphandle komngcipheko ongezelelweyo.
I-Radiotherapy inokunyusa umngcipheko we-pulmonary toxicities ukuba i-radiation isesifubeni sakho, i-mediastinum okanye imiphunga. Umngcipheko uphezulu ukuba ukhe waba nayo okanye, unechemotherapy ngokunjalo.
Ezinye i-immunotherapies nazo zinokubangela ityhefu yemiphunga. Ezi ziquka ii-antibodies ze-monoclonal ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunyango lwe-lymphoma ezifana ne-rituximab, i-obinutuzumab kunye ne-brentuximab vedotin.
I-immune checkpoint inhibitors efana ne-pembrolizumab kunye ne-nivolumab inokubangela ukusabela komzimba kwimiphunga yakho ekhokelela ekubeni amajoni akho omzimba angaziboni iiseli kwimiphunga yakho njengobugcisa bakho. Ngoko endaweni yoko, amajoni akho omzimba anokuzijonga ezi seli njengentsholongwane kwaye anokuzihlasela. Ezi ntlobo zokusabela kufuneka zinyangwe ngokwahlukileyo kwityhefu ye-pulmonary ebangelwa lolunye unyango kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka ii-steroids ukumisa ukusabela komzimba.
Iimpawu zokutshintsha kwemiphunga
Kufuneka uchaze zonke iimpawu ezintsha, okanye eziya ziba mandundu kugqirha wakho okanye kumongikazi wakho ukuze akuvavanye. Kwiimeko ezininzi, awunakufuna naluphi na unyango kodwa ukuba uyafuna, ukulibazisa unyango kunokuba yingozi kakhulu ngokukhawuleza. Iityhefu ezininzi emiphungeni zinokuba zezokwexeshana kwaye azifuni, okanye unyango lwexesha elifutshane kuphela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iityhefu ze-pulmonary zineziphumo ezihlala zihleli eziza kuba yimeko yempilo esisigxina.
Iimpawu onokuzifumana ngetyhefu ye-pulmonary ziquka:
- ubunzima bokuphefumla
- ukuphefumla ngaphandle kwesizathu
- ukuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla okungxolayo
- utshintsho kwilizwi lakho okanye kunzima ukuthetha
- isiyezi okanye ukudideka
- ukuntyiloza phantsi kwesikhumba sakho
- ukukhwehlela
- iintlungu zesifuba
- umbala oluhlaza ojikeleze imilebe yakho, iminwe okanye iinzwane
- ukuba mandundu kwazo naziphi na iimeko zemiphunga ezikhoyo ezifana nesifuba okanye isifo esingapheliyo semiphunga (COPD).
Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho
Qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ukuba ahlaziywe ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingentla. Ukuba ubonana nogqirha wakho (ugqirha wengingqi) okanye ugqirha ongenguye ugqirha wakho wegazi kwi-oncologist bazise ukuba yintoni:
- iimpawu ozifumanayo, xa ziqala kwaye ukuba ziye zaba mandundu,
- loluphi unyango olunikwayo kwaye ugqibele nini ukulufumana.
Fowunela i-ambulensi okanye ufike kwisebe elikufutshane lakho likaxakeka ukuba uneqondo lobushushu elingama-38 degrees okanye ngaphezulu, ukuba unesifuba esibuhlungu, ukuba uphefumla nzima kakhulu, okanye ungaphilanga kakhulu.
Lufunyaniswa njani utshintsho lwemiphunga?
Ugqirha wakho uya kukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye amamele imiphunga yakho. Baza kuthi ke bajonge ezinye izinto njengokuba wagqibela nini unyango kunye nokuba loluphi unyango obunalo, iimvavanyo zegazi zakutsha nje kunye namanye amayeza onokuthi uwathathe. Nje ukuba babe nomfanekiso opheleleyo, baya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uvavanyo olongezelelweyo onokuthi ulufune. Oku kunokubandakanya:
- X-reyi yesifuba
- I-CT okanye i-MRI yesifuba sakho
- uvavanyo lwesikhohlela
- uvavanyo lokusebenza kwemiphunga
- ibronchoscopy
- iimvavanyo zegazi.
Unyango lokutshintsha kwemiphunga
Unyango lwetyhefu yemiphunga kunye nolunye utshintsho emiphungeni luya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lonyango onalo, ubuzaza beempawu zakho kunye nohlobo lotshintsho lwemiphunga olwenzekile.
Ubuthi bemiphunga obuvela kunyango
Xa utshintsho lwemiphunga lusenzeka ngenxa yetyhefu ye-pulmonary ebangelwa lunyango lwakho, unokunikwa:
- Amayeza afana ne-steroids, i-antihistamines, i-ventolin okanye i-sulbutamol. Iyeza linoku-odolwa njengepilisi, emithanjeni (kwimithambo yakho), njengepufa okanye i-nebuliser (ukuba uphefumle ngaphakathi).
- Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, i-antifungal okanye i-antiviral ukuba unayo, okanye usemngciphekweni wokufumana usulelo lwemiphunga.
- I-physiotherapy yesifuba kunye nokuzivocavoca
- Ixesha elongezelelweyo phambi konyango olulandelayo.
Imiphunga iyatshintsha kwi-lymphoma
Utshintsho lwemiphunga olwenzeka ngenxa ye-lymphoma esifubeni okanye kwimiphunga yakho luya kulawulwa ngokwahlukileyo kwityhefu ye-pulmonary. Xa i-lymphoma yimbangela yokutshintsha kwemiphunga yakho, unyango luya kuba lunciphisa i-lymphoma ukukhusela uxinzelelo okanye kwimiphunga yakho. Oku kuthetha, ukuba uya kufuna unyango olufana nechemotherapy, radiation okanye utyando ukususa okanye ukucutha i-lymphoma.
Njengoko i-lymphoma iyancipha okanye isuswe imiphunga yakho kufuneka iqale ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwakhona, ukuphucula iimpawu zakho.
Ukuphila nokutshintsha kwemiphunga
Xa utshintsho lwemiphunga luhlala lusisigxina lunokuchaphazela iindawo ezininzi zobomi bakho. Kungathatha ixesha ukuchacha kwaye ufunde ukuba yintoni amandla akho amatsha, kunye nendlela yokuphila ngaphakathi kwemida yakho. Usenokuba namayeza amatsha ekufuneka uwathathe, okanye idinga elongezelelweyo esibhedlele.
Izinto onokuzenza ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho ngotshintsho lwemiphunga ziquka:
- Fumana isicwangciso sempilo yengqondo kuGqirha wakho ukukunceda umelane noloyiko, ixhala okanye uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo onalo ngenxa yolu tshintsho.
- Fumana isicwangciso solawulo lukaGqirha wakho wengingqi. Ezi zicwangciso zinokukubonelela nge-5 yokuqeshwa kwezempilo ngokudibeneyo, okanye ixabiso elincinci kakhulu kuwe. Oku kunokubandakanya i-dietician, i-exercise physiologist, i-physiotherapist, i-occupational therapist kunye nokunye.
- Gcina ubunzima obunempilo kubude bakho. Ingcali yezokutya ingakunceda koku ukuba ungaphantsi okanye utyebe kakhulu, okanye ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi ngokutya okunempilo.
- Zilolonge rhoqo – isazi ngefiziyojisti sinokukunceda wenze umthambo owonwabileyo nonokukwazi ukuwulawula.
- Bona iphysiotherapist ukwenza umthambo wokomeleza imiphunga.
- Yiba nengcali yezonyango iphonononge ikhaya lakho kunye nemisebenzi ukuze ubone ukuba ingakunceda njani ukulawula imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci kwimiphunga yakho.
isishwankathelo
- Utshintsho lwemiphunga lunokwenzeka njengophawu lwe-lymphoma yakho okanye njengesiphumo sonyango.
- Utshintsho lwemiphunga olubangelwa lunyango lwakho lubizwa ngokuba yityhefu yepulmonary.
- Iityhefu zemiphunga zinqabile kwaye zinokuba zethutyana okanye zisisigxina.
- Xela ugqirha wakho zonke iimpawu ezintsha okanye ezimbi. Bazise ukuba loluphi unyango obunalo, ukugqibela kwakho ukuba nalo, kwaye NGAWO xelela oogqirha bakho nabongikazi ukuba unayo NGONAPHAKADE yayine-bleomycin okanye i-immune checkpoint inhibitor efana ne-pembrolizumab okanye i-nivolumab.
- Fowunela i-ambulensi ukuba uneqondo lobushushu elingama-38° okanye ngaphezulu, unentlungu esifubeni, uphefumla nzima kakhulu okanye ungaphilanga kakhulu.
- Unokufuna ukubona omnye ugqirha obizwa ngokuba ngugqirha wokuphefumla ukulawula utshintsho lwakho lwemiphunga.
- Unyango luya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lotshintsho onalo, iimpawu zakho kunye nonyango obunalo.
- Fumana ugqirha wakho ukuba enze isicwangciso sempilo yengqondo kunye nesicwangciso solawulo lukaGqirha ukuba unotshintsho lwexesha elide emiphungeni okanye ungathanda uncedo olongezelelweyo nokuba utshintsho lwemiphunga yakho lolwexeshana.
- Fowunela abongikazi bethu beLymphoma ukuba ungathanda ukuthetha ngeempawu zakho okanye ungathanda ulwazi oluthe kratya. Cofa kwiqhosha lokuqhagamshelana nathi ezantsi kwesikrini ngeenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano.
