A splenectomy Ngaba utyando lokususa udakada kwaye ezinye izigulana ezine-lymphoma zinokufuna i-splenectomy? Singakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwe-spleen, umzimba awukwazi ukulwa nezifo. Ngaphandle kwe-spleen, izilumkiso ziyafuneka ukwehlisa umngcipheko wokufumana usulelo.
Yintoni udakada?
Udakada lilungu elimile okwenqindi elimfusa, kwaye linobunzima obumalunga ne-170 grams kubantu abasempilweni. Ifumaneka emva kweembambo, phantsi kwe-diaphragm, kwaye ngaphezulu nasemva kwesisu kwicala lasekhohlo lomzimba.
I-spleen idlala iindima ezininzi ezixhasayo emzimbeni ezibandakanya:
- Isebenza njengesihluzi segazi njengenxalenye yokhuselo lomzimba
- Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala ziphinda zisetyenziswe kwi-spleen
- Yenza izilwa-buhlungu
- Iiplatelets kunye neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi zigcinwa kwi-spleen
- Ukugcina igazi elongezelelweyo xa lingafunwa
- Udakada lukwanceda ekulweni iintlobo ezithile zebhaktiriya ezibanga inyumoniya kunye nemeningitis
Iimpawu zokwandiswa kwespleen
Iimpawu zihlala zivela ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokuqala zingacacanga zide zibe zibi kakhulu. Iimpawu ziquka:
- Intlungu okanye imvakalelo yokugcwala kwicala lasekhohlo lesisu sakho
- Ukuziva uhluthi ngokukhawuleza emva kokutya
- Ukukhathala
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Rhoqo izifo
- Ukopha okanye ukugruzuka ngokulula kunesiqhelo
- Anemia
- Jaundice
I-Lymphoma kunye ne-spleen
I-Lymphoma inokuchaphazela i-spleen yakho ngeendlela ezininzi kwaye ibandakanya:
- Iiseli ze-lymphoma ziyakwazi ukwakha ngaphakathi kwe-spleen eyenza ukuba idumbe okanye ikhulise. Ngamanye amaxesha i-spleen eyandisiweyo ingaba ngumqondiso kuphela wokuba umntu une-lymphoma. I-spleen eyandisiweyo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-splenomegaly. I-splenomegaly ingenzeka kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-lymphoma kuquka:
- IHodgkin lymphoma
- I-lymphocytic leukemia engapheliyo
- Ukusasaza i-B-cell lymphoma enkulu
- Ingubo yeeseli lymphoma
- Iseli yeleukemia enoboya
- I-splenic marginal zone lymphoma
- Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia
- I-Lymphoma yona inokwenza i-spleen isebenze nzima kunesiqhelo kwaye i-spleen ingabangela i-autoimmune i-anemia enegazi or i-immune thrombocytopenia. Udakada ke ngoko kufuneka lusebenze nzima ukutshabalalisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi okanye iiplatelet ezifakwe kwi-antibody. Ukuba i-lymphoma isemongoni wethambo, i-spleen ingazama ukunceda ukwenza iiseli zegazi ezintsha. Xa udakada lusebenza ngamandla, luyakwazi ukudumba.
- Xa udakada ludumbile, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi neeplatelets ezininzi kunesiqhelo zingena ngaphakathi kuso. Ikwasusa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelet kwigazi ngokukhawuleza kunokuba ifanele. Oku kunciphisa inani lezi seli egazini kwaye kunokubangela i-anemia (inani eliphantsi leeseli ezibomvu zegazi) okanye i-thrombocytopenia (isibalo esisezantsi seplatelet). Ezi mpawu ziya kuba mandundu ukuba sele unazo.
Yintoni i-splenectomy?
I-splenectomy yinkqubo yotyando esusa udakada. Ukususa inxalenye yespleen kubizwa ngokuba yi-spleenectomy. Ukususa udakada wonke kubizwa ngokuba yi-spleenectomy epheleleyo.
Utyando lunokwenziwa mhlawumbi njengotyando lwe-laparoscopic (utyando lwesitshixo) okanye utyando oluvulekileyo. Omabini otyando lwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthetic jikelele.
Utyando lweLaparoscopic
Utyando lweLaparoscopic alungeneleli kangako kunotyando oluvulekileyo. Ugqirha wenza i-3 okanye i-4 incision kwisisu kwaye i-laparoscope ifakwe kwi-1 ye-incisions. Ezinye izikewu zisetyenziselwa ukufaka izixhobo kunye nokukhupha udakada. Ngethuba lotyando, isisu simpontshwa sigcwele i-carbon dioxide gas ukwenza umsebenzi ube lula kwaye izithintelo zithungwe emva kotyando. Izigulane zinokugoduka kwangolo suku okanye ngosuku olusemva kotyando.
Utyando oluvulekileyo
Ukusikwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngaphantsi kwe-ribcage ekhohlo okanye ngokuthe ngqo embindini wesisu. Emva koko udakada luyasuswa, luze udakada luthungelwe lugqunywe ngesinxibo. Izigulana zihlala esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa kwaye i-sutures okanye iikliphu zisuswe kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva.
Ziziphi izizathu zokuba abanye abantu bafune i-splenectomy?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba abantu banokufuna ukuba ne-splenectomy, kwaye ezi zingabandakanya:
- Umhlaza weprayimari wespleen kunye nomhlaza othe wanwenwela kwi-spleen
- Izigulana ze-Lymphoma ezidinga udakada ukuvavanya ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-lymphoma abanalo
- I-anemia okanye i-thrombocytopenia apho kungekho mpendulo kunyango
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
- Usulelo lwentsholongwane, ibhaktiriya, okanye iparasitic
- Ukwenzakala, njengokwenzakala ngenxa yengozi yemoto
- Udakada olunethumba
- Sickle isifo seseli
- I-Thalassemia
Ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen
Isistim somzimba sokuzivikela asiyi kusebenza kakuhle emva kwe-splenectomy. Amanye amalungu anjengesibindi, umongo wethambo kunye ne-lymph nodes ziya kuthatha eminye yemisebenzi ye-spleen. Nabani na ongenawo udakada usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokosuleleka.
Amanye amanyathelo okuthathwa ukunciphisa amathuba osulelo ngala:
- Qhagamshelana neqela lezempilo kwangethuba ukuba kukho iimpawu kunye neempawu zosulelo
- Ukuba ulunyiwe okanye ukukrwelwa sisilwanyana qhagamshelana neqela lezempilo ngoko nangoko
- Qinisekisa ukuba zonke izitofu zihlaziyiwe phambi kotyando. Izitofu zokugonya umkhuhlane ziyafuneka minyaka le kunye nezitofu zokugonya ipneumococcal rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5. Ugonyo olongezelelweyo lusenokufuneka ukuba uhambela phesheya kolwandle.
- Thatha i-antibiotics emva kwe-splenectomy njengoko kuchaziwe. Ezinye izigulana ziya kuba nazo iminyaka emi-2 okanye abanye banokuba nazo ubomi bonke
- Thatha inkathalo eyongezelelweyo xa uhambela phesheya kolwandle. Phatha i-antibiotics ngexesha likaxakeka xa uhamba. Kuphephe ukuya kumazwe anesifo seengcongconi.
- Nxiba iiglavu kunye nezihlangu xa usebenza egadini kwaye usebenza ngaphandle ukunqanda ukwenzakala
- Qinisekisa ukuba ugqirha kunye nogqirha wamazinyo bayazi ukuba awunawo udakada
- Nxiba isacholo sesilumkiso sonyango
