Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zokutshintshwa, i-autologous kunye ne-allogeneic stem cell transplants.
UGqr Nada Hamad, ugqirha weHaematologist kunye nogqirha wofakelo lomongo wethambo
Isibhedlele saseSt Vincent, eSydney
Yintoni i-stem cell?
- Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe (kubandakanya i-lymphocytes-ezi ziiseli ezithi xa zijika umhlaza zibangele i-lymphoma)
- Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi (ezi zinoxanduva lokuthwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke)
- Iiplatelets (iiseli ezinceda igazi ukuba lihlule okanye lithintele amahlwili)
Yintoni i-stem cell transplant?
Ukutshintshwa kwe-stem cell yinkqubo enokuthi isetyenziswe ukunyanga i-lymphoma. Zingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga izigulane ezine-lymphoma ekuxolweni kodwa kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba i-lymphoma ibuyele kwakhona (ibuya kwakhona). Zisenokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga izigulane ezine-lymphoma ebuyele kwakhona (zibuye).
Ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell yinkqubo enzima kwaye ehlaselayo eyenzeka ngezigaba. Izigulana ezenza uqhaqho-fakelo lwe-stem cell zilungiswa kuqala ngechemotherapy yedwa okanye zidityaniswe neradiotherapy. Unyango lwe-chemotherapy olusetyenziswa kufakelo lwe-stem cell lunikezelwa ngamadosi aphezulu kunesiqhelo. Ukhetho lwe-chemotherapy olunikwe kweli nqanaba luxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nenjongo yofakelo. Kukho iindawo ezintathu apho iiseli ze-stem ezinokuthi ziqokelelwe kuzo:
Iiseli zomongo wethambo: iiseli ze-stem ziqokelelwa ngokuthe ngqo kumongo wethambo kwaye zibizwa ngokuba yi-a 'uqhaqho lomongo wethambo' (BMT).
Iiseli ze-peripheral stem: iiseli stem ziqokelelwa kwi peripheral blood kwaye oku kubizwa ngokuba a 'i-peripheral blood stem cell transplant' (PBSCT). Lo ngowona mthombo uqhelekileyo weeseli ze-stem ezisetyenziselwa ukutshintshwa.
Igazi lentambo: Iiseli ze-stem ziqokelelwa kwi-umbilical cord emva kokuzalwa komntwana osanda kuzalwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-a 'ufakelo lwegazi ngentambo', apho ezi zingaxhaphakanga kakhulu kunotyando lwe-peripheral okanye umongo wethambo.
Iintlobo ze-stem cell transplants
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zokutshintshwa, i-autologous kunye ne-allogeneic stem cell transplants.
Ufakelo lwe-autologous stem cell: olu hlobo lofakelo lusebenzisa iiseli zesikhondo zesigulane, ezithi ziqokelelwe zigcinwe. Emva koko uya kuba needosi eziphezulu ze-chemotherapy kwaye emva koku iiseli zakho ze-stem ziya kubuyiselwa kuwe.
Ufakelo lwe-Allogeneic stem cell: olu hlobo lofakelo lusebenzisa iiseli ezixhasiweyo. Umnikeli unokuzalana (ilungu losapho) okanye umnikezeli onganxulumananga naye. Oogqirha bakho baya kuzama ukufumana umxhasi oneseli ezihambelana ngokusondeleyo nesigulana. Oku kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba umzimba ukwala iiseli ze-donor stem. Isigulana siya kuba needosi eziphezulu zechemotherapy kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iradiotherapy. Ukulandela oku iiseli ze-stem ezinikezelweyo ziya kubuyiselwa kwisigulana.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nolunye lwezi ntlobo zofakelo, bona ukufakelwa kwe-autologous or amaphepha okufakelwa kwe-allogeneic.
Iimpawu ze-stem cell transplant
UGq Amit Khot, ugqirha weHaematologist kunye nogqirha wofakelo lomongo wethambo
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre kunye nesibhedlele saseRoyal Melbourne
Uninzi lwezigulana ezifunyaniswa zine-lymphoma ziyakwenza NOT kufuneka i-stem cell transplant. Zombini i-autologous kunye ne-allogeneic stem cell transplantation zisetyenziswa kuphela kwiimeko ezithile. Iimpawu eziphambili zofakelo lwe-stem cell ziquka:
- Ukuba isigulane se-lymphoma sinayo zichasayo i-lymphoma (i-lymphoma engaphenduliyo kunyango) okanye iphinde yabuya i-lymphoma (i-lymphoma ehlala ibuya emva konyango).
- Iimpawu ze-autologous transplant (iiseli ezizezakhe) zikwahluke kwiimpawu ze-allogeneic (iiseli ezinikezelayo) zokufakelwa.
- Izigulana ze-Lymphoma zihlala zifumana i-autologous transplant kunokuba i-allogeneic transplant. Ukutshintshwa kwe-autologous kunemingcipheko encinci kunye neengxaki ezincinci kwaye ngokubanzi ziphumelele ekunyangeni i-lymphoma.
Iimpawu ze-autologous (iiseli ezizezakho) i-stem cell transplant ziquka:
- Ukuba i-lymphoma iphinda ibuyele (ibuya kwakhona)
- Ukuba i-lymphoma i-refractory (ayiphenduli kunyango)
- Ezinye izigulane ezifunyanwe ukuba zine-lymphoma eyaziwa ngokuba nethuba eliphezulu lokubuyela kwakhona, okanye ukuba i-lymphoma ikwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu, iya kuqwalaselwa kwi-autologous transplant njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sokuqala sonyango.
Iimpawu ze-allogeneic (donor) zofakelo lwe-stem cell ziquka:
- Ukuba i-lymphoma iphinda ibuyele emva kokuba i-autologous (iiseli ezizezakho) i-stem cell transplant
- Ukuba i-lymphoma i-refractory
- Njengenxalenye yonyango lodidi lwesibini okanye lwesithathu lwe-lymphoma/CLL ebuyiselweyo
Inkqubo yofakelo
UGq Amit Khot, ugqirha weHaematologist kunye nogqirha wofakelo lomongo wethambo
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre kunye nesibhedlele saseRoyal Melbourne
Kukho amanyathelo amahlanu aphambili abandakanyekayo kuqhaqho:
- Ukulungiselela
- Ukuqokelelwa kweeseli ze-stem
- Isimo
- Ukubuyisela i-stem cell
- Umsebenzi wobugcisa
Inkqubo yohlobo ngalunye lokutshintshwa kokutshintshwa kunokwahluka kakhulu. Ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi:
UGq Amit Khot, ugqirha weHaematologist kunye nogqirha wofakelo lomongo wethambo
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre kunye nesibhedlele saseRoyal Melbourne
