I-Mucositis ligama lonyango lezilonda, izilonda kunye nokuvuvukala kwi-gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Iphecana lethu le-GI libandakanya umlomo wethu, i-esophagus (umbhobho wokutya phakathi komlomo wethu kunye nesisu), isisu kunye nezibilini. Unyango oluninzi lwe-lymphoma lunokubangela i-mucositis enokuba buhlungu, yonyusa umngcipheko wosulelo kunye nokopha, kwaye yenze kube nzima ukuthetha, ukutya okanye ukusela.
Eli phepha liza kuxubusha i-mucositis yomlomo kunye nomqala. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne-mucositis echaphazela izibilini zakho, ezinokubangela urhudo okanye ukuqhina, nceda. Cofa apha.
Yintoni i-mucositis?
I-Mucositis inokubangela iintlungu, iindawo eziphukileyo ze-mucous membranes (i-lining) yomlomo wakho kunye nomqala. Ezi ndawo zaphukileyo zingopha, ngakumbi ukuba ukopha thrombocytopenic, okanye uyosulelwa. Umngcipheko wokusuleleka kwe-mucositis uphezulu ukuba ukhona i-neutropenic, nangona kunjalo usulelo lusenokwenzeka xa amajoni akho omzimba esebenza kakuhle.
I-Mucositis inokudumba, ibe mnyama, iindawo ezibomvu okanye ezimhlophe emlonyeni wakho nasemqaleni, nokuba i-mucous membranes ilungile.
Iinkcazo
I-Thrombocytopenic ligama lonyango xa unamanqanaba aphantsi eplatelet. Iiplatelets zinceda igazi lethu ukuba lihlule ukuze lithintele ukopha nokugruzuka.
I-Neutropenic ligama lonyango xa une-neutrophils ephantsi. Iineutrophils luhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi kwaye ziiseli zokuqala emzimbeni wethu ukulwa nosulelo.
Iimbangela ze-mucositis
Ngelishwa, ezinye iindlela zonyango ze-lymphoma azigcini nje ukutshabalalisa iiseli ze-lymphoma, kodwa zinokuhlasela ezinye zeeseli zakho ezilungileyo. Unyango oluphambili olunokubangela i-mucositis yomlomo wakho kunye nomqala zidweliswe ngezantsi. Cofa kwizihloko ukuze ufunde ngakumbi.
I-Chemotherapy lunyango lwenkqubo olusebenza ngokutshabalalisa iiseli ezikhula okanye ziphindaphindeka ngokukhawuleza. Inkqubo ithetha ukuba ihamba ngomjelo wegazi lakho, kwaye ke inokuchaphazela nayiphi na indawo yomzimba wakho. Oku kwenza ukuba kusebenze kakhulu ekunyangeni iintlobo ezininzi ze-lymphoma. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweeseli zethu ezisempilweni ziyakhula kwaye ziphindaphindeke ngokukhawuleza. Iiseli kwiphecana lethu le-GI zezinye zezo seli zikhula ngokukhawuleza.
I-Chemotherapy ayikwazi ukuxelela umahluko phakathi kweeseli ze-lymphoma ezinomhlaza kunye neeseli zakho eziphilileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, i-chemotherapy inokuhlasela iiseli kwiphecana lakho le-GI elikhokelela kwi-mucositis.
I-Mucositis idla ngokuqala iintsuku ezimbalwa emva konyango kwaye iyanyamalala kwiiveki ezi-2-3 emva kokugqiba unyango. Isistim somzimba sakho esiphantsi (i-neutropenia) kunye ne-thrombocytopenia ebangelwa yi-chemotherapy yakho inokwenza i-mucositis ibe yimbi ngakumbi, kunye nomngcipheko wokuphuma kwegazi kunye nosulelo.
I-radiotherapy ijolise ngakumbi kune-chemotherapy, ngoko ke ichaphazela kuphela indawo encinci yomzimba wakho ononyango. Nangona kunjalo, i-radiotherapy ayinakukwazi ukuxela umahluko phakathi kweeseli ze-lymphoma ezinomhlaza kunye neeseli zakho eziphilileyo.
Xa i-radiotherapy ijolise kwi-lymphoma kufuphi nomlomo okanye umqala wakho, njenge-lymph nodes entloko nasentanyeni yakho, unokufumana i-mucositis.
I-Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) ezifana ne-nivolumab okanye i-pembrolizumab luhlobo lwe-antibody ye-monoclonal. Basebenza ngokungafaniyo nolunye unyango lwe-lymphoma.
Zonke iiseli zethu eziqhelekileyo zineendawo zokuhlola amajoni omzimba kuzo. Ezinye zezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-PD-L1 okanye i-PD-L2. Ezi ndawo zokuhlola zinceda inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela ukuba ibone iiseli zethu. Iiseli ezineendawo zokuhlola zishiywe zodwa yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela, kodwa iiseli ezingenazo iindawo zokuhlola zichongwa njengeziyingozi, ngoko amajoni ethu omzimba atshabalalisa iiseli ezingenazo iindawo zokuhlola.
Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ii-cancer ezibandakanya ezinye i-lymphomas zilungelelanisa ukukhulisa ezi ndawo zokujonga amajoni omzimba. Ngokuba nala magcino omzimba, i i-lymphoma inokufihla kumajoni akho omzimba.
I-immune checkpoint inhibitors isebenza ngokuncamathisela kwi-PD-L1 okanye i-PD-L2 yokukhangela iiseli ze-lymphoma, kwaye ngokwenza oku, i-immune checkpoint inhibitor ifihla i-immune checkpoint kwi-immune system. Ngenxa yokuba isistim somzimba sakho sokuzivikela asikwazi ukubona indawo yokukhangela, sinokubona iiseli ze-lymphoma njengengozi kwaye ke zitshabalalise.
Kuba ezi ndawo zokukhangela zikwakwiiseli zakho ezisempilweni, ngamanye amaxesha unyango olune-immune checkpoint inhibitors lunokubangela ukuba amajoni akho omzimba ahlasele iiseli zakho ezilungileyo. Xa amajoni akho omzimba esilela ukuqaphela iiseli kwiphecana lakho le-GI njengesiqhelo, zinokubangela uhlaselo lwe-auto-immune apho amajoni akho omzimba alwa neeseli zakho ezisempilweni, ezibangela i-mucositis. Oku kudla ngokuba kokomzuzwana kwaye kuyaphucuka xa unyango luyekile. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-immune checkpoint inhibitors inokubangela iimeko ezinde ze-auto-immune.
Ufakelo lwe-stem cell zisetyenziswa njengonyango lokuhlangula ukugcina umongo wakho wethambo emva kokuba unedosi ephezulu kakhulu yechemotherapy.
I-Mucositis sisiphumo esixhaphake kakhulu xa une-stem cell transplant ngenxa yedosi ephezulu yechemotherapy. Ukufunxa umkhenkce malunga nemizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi nasemva kweekhemotherapies ezinikwe ukutshintshwa kwe-stem cell kunganceda ukunciphisa ubunzulu be-mucositis. Buza umongikazi wakho malunga noku ukuba ngaba wenza uqhaqho-fakelo lwe-stem cell
Ukuthintela i-mucositis
Njengezinto ezininzi, uthintelo lungcono kunonyango. Ngelishwa, ngenxa yendlela ezinye iindlela zonyango ezisebenza ngayo, awukwazi ukuhlala ukwazi ukukhusela i-mucositis. Kodwa kukho iindlela zokuyithintela ukuba ibe nzima kwaye ilawule imingcipheko yokopha kunye nosulelo.
Dentist
Phambi kokuba uqalise unyango ingaluluvo oluhle ukubonana nogqirha wamazinyo ukuba unayo nayiphi na inkxalabo ngamazinyo akho. Oku akunakusoloko kusenzeka, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwakho olungaphantsi kunye nebakala le-lymphoma, nangona kunjalo kubalulekile ukubuza i-hematologist yakho okanye i-oncologist malunga nayo.
Naziphi na iingxaki onazo ngamazinyo okanye iintsini zinokuba mbi ngakumbi ngexesha lonyango kwaye zikubeke emngciphekweni omkhulu wosulelo, nto leyo eya kwenza ukuba i-mucositis yakho ibe buhlungu kwaye ibe nzima ukunyanga. Usulelo lusenokuthetha ukuba kufuneka ulibazise unyango.
Abanye oogqirha bamazinyo basebenza ngokukhethekileyo ekunyangeni abantu abanomhlaza. Cela iingcebiso okanye uthunyelwe kwi-hematologist okanye oncologist yakho.
Ukunyamekela umlomo
Izibhedlele ezininzi ziyakucebisa uhlobo oluthile lwesisombululo somlomo onokuthi usisebenzise. Kwezinye iimeko, oku kunokuba ngamanzi anetyuwa kunye ne-bicarbonate soda kuwo.
Ukuba unamazinyo emboleko, wakhuphe phambi kokuba uhlambe umlomo wakho.
Coca amazinyo emboleko phambi kokuba uwabuyisele emlonyeni wakho.
Zenzele owakho umlomo
Unokwenza owakho ukuhlamba umlomo ukuba uyathanda.
Bilisa amanzi uze uwayeke aphole.
Izithako
- Ikomityi enye (250mls) yamanzi apholileyo abilisiweyo
- 1/4 yetisipuni (tsp) yetyuwa
- 1/4 ithisipuni (tsp) ye-bicarbonate yesoda.
Sebenzisa icephe lokulinganisa umlinganiselo wetyuwa kunye nebhicarbonate yesoda. Ukuba uyenza yomelele kakhulu inokuhlaba umlomo wakho kwaye yenze i-mucositis yakho ibe mandundu.
indlela yokwenza
- Beka ityuwa kunye ne-bicarbonate yesoda emanzini apholileyo kwaye udibanise.
- Thatha umlomo - MUSA UKUGINZA.
- Hlanza amanzi emlonyeni wakho kwaye uhlambe imizuzwana engama-30 ubuncinane.
- Watshice amanzi.
- Phinda 3 okanye 4 amaxesha.
Yenza oku emva kwesidlo ngasinye nangaphambi kokulala - ubuncinane amaxesha ama-4 ngosuku.
Kuphephe ukuhlamba umlomo ngotywala
Musa ukusebenzisa izinto zokuhlamba umlomo ezinotywala kuzo. Jonga uluhlu lwezithako njengoko uninzi lokuhlamba umlomo lunotywala. Ezi zinto zokuhlamba umlomo zinzima kakhulu emlonyeni wakho ngexesha lonyango kwaye zinokwenza i-mucositis ibe nzima, ibangele intlungu.
Sebenzisa i-lip balm
ihlamba
Sebenzisa ibhrashi yamazinyo ethambileyo. Musa ukusebenzisa ibhrashi yamazinyo ephakathi okanye eqinile ukuxukuxa amazinyo akho. Ukuba umlomo wakho ubuhlungu kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuwuvula, ukusebenzisa ibrashi yomntwana enentloko encinci kunokuba lula. Hlamba ubuncinane kabini ngemini - kanye ekuseni kwaye kube kanye ebusuku emva kokutya.
Coca ulwimi lwakho. Ngasemva kweebrashi zamazinyo ezininzi zinemiqolo encinci yokunceda ukususa nayiphi na ibhaktheriya eyakhelweyo kunye nombala omhlophe elulwimini lwakho. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona i-bristle ethambileyo yebhrashi yakho yamazinyo okanye uthenge isikhuhla solwimi kwiikhemesti ezininzi. Yiba mnene xa ucoca ulwimi lwakho, kwaye uqale ngasemva usebenze indlela yakho ukuya ngaphambili.
I-Australia Dental Association icebisa ukuba ungawuhlambi umlomo wakho ngamanzi emva kokuba uhlambe amazinyo akho. Oku kuvumela intlama yefluoride ukuba ihlale emazinyweni akho ixesha elide ukukunika ukhuseleko olungakumbi.
Ifloss kuphela ukuba sele iyinxalenye yendlela yakho yemihla ngemihla.
Ukuba ubusoloko uvungula phambi kokuba uqale unyango, ungaqhubeka nokufloss.
Ukuba awuzange ufefe ngaphambili, okanye awuzange ufefe rhoqo, hayi ungaqalisi ngexesha lonyango. Kungenzeka ukuba ube nokudumba kwiintsini zakho ukuba awuzange uflove ngaphambili.
Ukuqubha xa iintsini zidumbile kunokubangela amanxeba anokopha kwaye wongeze umngcipheko wokosuleleka.
Ukuba ngaba uyabhuda kwaye wopha, yeka ukufefa kwangoko.
Hlamba umlomo wakho nge-mouthwash oye wacetyiswa kwaye ukuba ukopha akuyeki emva kwemizuzu embalwa, okanye unempawu zosulelo, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho.
Ukutya okufuneka utye kwaye ugweme xa une-mucositis
Okunye ukutya kunokwenza i-mucositis ibe yimbi okanye ibe buhlungu xa unesifo se-mucositis. Nangona kunjalo, kusabalulekile ukutya kakuhle. Umzimba wakho kufuneka ufumane izondlo ezifanelekileyo ukukunceda uphile. Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ukutya ofanele kwaye ungakutyi xa une-mucositis.
Unokufumana kulula ukusela nge-straw ukuze ukwazi ukubeka i-straw edlulileyo kwiindawo ezibuhlungu ze-mucositis. Qinisekisa ukuba ukutya kunye neziselo zakho zipholile okanye zishushu. Kuphephe ukutya okushushu neziselo.
Yitya ezi: | Sukuzitya ezi: |
amaqanda ityhuna enkonkxiweyo okanye isalmon Inyama ephekwe kade I-noodles ethambileyo okanye ipasta Irayisi emhlophe ephekiweyo Imifuno ehlanjululweyo - iitapile ezinjalo, i-peas carrots, i-sweet potato Isipinatshi esiqholiweyo okanye umbona Iimbhotyi ezibhakiwe Tofu I-yogurt, i-cottage cheese, ubisi (ukuba ukhona i-neutropenic, ziphephe iitshizi ezithambileyo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ubisi kunye neyogathi zifakwe iipasteurized) Isonka esithambileyo Pancakes iibhanana Ivatala okanye ezinye iivatala Iibhloko zomkhenkce (ugweme imiphetho ebukhali kwipakethe), ijeli okanye i-ayisikrimu Iti ye-caffeine yasimahla Iiprotheyini zixubha okanye i-smoothies. | Ukunqunyulwa kwenyama Iitshiphusi zombona okanye ezinye iitshiphusi ezirhabaxa Ukutya okuqinileyo, okurhabaxa okanye okuhlafunwayo kuquka iiloli, iibhiskithi, izonka ezirhabaxa, ii-crackers kunye necereal eyomileyo. iitumato Iziqhamo zeCitrus ezifana neeorenji, iilamuni, iilime kunye neemandarin Ukutya okunetyiwa Amandongomane okanye imbewu Ii-apile okanye iimango Ukutya okushushu - ubushushu obushushu kunye nobushushu obuqholiweyo I-caffeine efana nekofu okanye iziselo zamandla Utywala obufana nebhiya, iwayini, izipirithi kunye notywala. |
Ukulawula umlomo owomileyo
Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, unyango lwe-lymphoma, kunye namanye amayeza afana nababulali beentlungu kunokubangela umlomo owomileyo. Ukuba nomlomo owomileyo kunokwenza kube nzima ukutya, ukusela nokuthetha. Kwakhona kunokubangela ukuba i-white coating yebhaktheriya ikhule elulwimini lwakho inokukhokelela kwincasa engcolileyo emlonyeni wakho, umoya ongcolileyo kunye neentloni.
Oku kuqokelelwa kweebhaktheriya kunokubangela usulelo olunokuba nzima ngelixa amajoni akho omzimba ebuthathaka kunyango.
Ukuba nomlomo owomileyo ixesha elide kunokonyusa umngcipheko wokubola kwamazinyo (imingxuma emazinyweni akho).
Sela ubuncinane iilitha ezi-2-3 zolwelo ngosuku ngalunye. Yiphephe i-caffeine kunye notywala njengoko ezi zinokwenza umlomo owomileyo ube mandundu. Ukusebenzisa ukuhlamba umlomo njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla kuya kunceda nomlomo owomileyo.
Ukuba ezi zokuhlamba umlomo azanelanga, ungathenga indawo yamathe kwikhemesti yasekuhlaleni. Ezi zizisombululo ezinceda ukubuyisela nokukhusela ukufuma emlonyeni wakho.
xerostomia
Igama lezonyango lomlomo owomileyo lithi Xerostomia.
Ibonakala njani i-mucositis?
- Izilonda emlonyeni wakho ezinokuba bomvu, zimhlophe, zikhangeleka njengezilonda okanye amadyunguza
- Ukudumba kwiintsini, emlonyeni, okanye emqaleni
- Iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki xa uhlafuna kwaye uginya
- Amabala amhlophe okanye atyheli emlonyeni wakho okanye kulwimi lwakho
- Ukunyuka kwe-mucus emlonyeni - amathe atyebileyo
- Isitshisa okanye isisu.
impatho
I-Mucositis ayisoloko ithintelwa, kodwa kukho unyango lokukunceda uhlale ukhululekile ngelixa uphilisa.
Thintela okanye ulawule usulelo
Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okukunceda ekukhuseleni usulelo olufana nerhashalala emlonyeni wakho okanye izilonda ezibandayo (herpes).
- Aanti-viral iyeza elifana ne-valacyclovir linokunceda ukukhusela okanye ukunciphisa ukugqabhuka kwezilonda ezibandayo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-herpes simplex.
- Anti-fungal iyeza elinje ngenystatin lingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-thrush yomlomo enokwenza i-mucositis ibe mandundu.
- Antibiotics - Ukuba uneendawo eziphukileyo emlonyeni wakho, okanye emlonyeni wakho okanye kwi-esophagus unokufumana usulelo lwebhaktheriya olunokwenza i-mucositis yakho ibe nzima. Usenokunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunceda ukulwa usulelo.
Uncedo lweentlungu
- I-Kenalog okanye i-bongela ointments (phezu kwekhawuntara)
- Ijeli yeXylocaine (ummiselo kuphela).
Amanye amayeza
- I-panadol enyibilikayo-yinyibilikise i-panadol emanzini, jija emlonyeni wakho kwaye ugibise ngayo ngaphambi kokuba uginye. Ungathenga oku kwikhawuntara kwivenkile yokutya okanye kwikhemesti.
- I-Endone - Le yithebhulethi kagqirha kuphela. Ukuba ezi zikhetho zingasentla azisebenzi, cela umyalelo kagqirha wakho.
Umbhobho weNasogastric
Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu ze-mucositis, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukuba ube ne-nasogastric tube (NGT) ukuba utyiswe ngayo. I-NGT yityhubhu ethambileyo kwaye ebhetyebhetye efakwe kwenye yeempumlo zakho kunye nezantsi kommizo wakho ukuya esiswini sakho. Ukutya okumanzi okutyebileyo kwizondlo, namanzi anokubekwa phantsi kombhobho. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ufumane izondlo kunye nolwelo olufunekayo ngelixa i-mucositis yakho iphilisa.
isishwankathelo
- I-Mucositis yimpembelelo yecala eqhelekileyo yonyango lwe-lymphoma.
- Uthintelo lungcono kunokunyanga, kodwa akusoloko kusenzeka.
- Ukuba kuyimfuneko, bonana nogqirha wamazinyo phambi kokuba uqalise unyango - buza ugqirha wakho wegazi okanye i-oncologist ukuba kufuneka umbone na, kwaye bangacebisa bani.
- Sebenzisa ibhrashi yamazinyo ethambileyo, ukuxukuxa amazinyo akho emva kokutya ekuseni nasebusuku, kwaye uhlambe ngemilomo engeyiyo utywala ubuncinane amaxesha ama-4 ngosuku – Ungalibali ukucoca ulwimi lwakho.
- Usenokufuna iyeza lokuthintela okanye ukunyanga usulelo.
- Gwema ukutya okuya kwenza ukuba i-mucositis ibe nzima okanye ibuhlungu, kodwa qiniseka ukuba usadla kwaye usele kakuhle.
- Ngaphezulu kwe-counter-ointments kunokunceda - ukuba akunjalo, cela ugqirha wakho ukuba akunike umyalelo.
- I-panadol enyibilikayo okanye iipilisi ze-endone nazo zinokunceda ukuba izithambiso azonelanga.
- Thetha kwi-pharmist yakho okanye ugqirha ngeengcebiso ezingaphezulu ukuba i-mucositis yakho ayiphucukanga ngeengcebiso ezingentla.
- Fowunela abongikazi bethu bokhathalelo lweLymphoma ngolwazi olungakumbi okanye iingcebiso. Cofa kwiqhosha lokuqhagamshelana nathi ezantsi kwesikrini ngeenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano.
