Ukuba nonyango lwe-lymphoma kudla ngokuba sisigqibo esisindisa ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, kukubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza wesibini kamva ebomini. Kwiimeko ezininzi umhlaza wesibini unokuvela ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10 emva kokuba uqale unyango lwakho lwe-lymphoma. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu inokwenzeka kwangaphambili.
Isistim somzimba esibuthathaka, ichemotherapy kunye nonyango lweradiation inokunyusa umngcipheko wakho womhlaza wesibini owahlukileyo kwi-lymphoma yakho yokuqala. Olunye unyango lunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho.
Ayinguye wonke umntu okhe wafumana unyango oya kufumana umhlaza wesibini, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele umngcipheko ukuze ukwazi ukulawula impilo yakho kwaye ufumane iingcebiso zonyango kwangoko. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo nogqirha wakho jikelele (GP), i-hematologist, oncologist okanye i-radiation oncologist yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba nawuphi na umhlaza wesibini uchongwe kwangoko kwaye unyangwe xa kuyimfuneko.
Eli phepha liza kunika ulwazi malunga nento omawuyijonge, loluphi uhlolo ofanele ukuba nalo, kwaye umbone nini ugqirha malunga neempawu ezintsha.
Yintoni umhlaza wesibini
Umhlaza wesibini kukuphuhliswa komhlaza omtsha ongahambelaniyo ne-lymphoma okanye ukuxilongwa kwe-CLL. Yi hayi ukuphinda ubuyele okanye inguqu kwi-lymphoma/CLL yakho.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne-lymphoma ebuyileyo okanye eguqulweyo, cofa la makhonkco angezantsi.
Kutheni le nto umhlaza wesibini usenzeka?
Olunye unyango lusebenza ngokutshintsha indlela amajoni akho omzimba asebenza ngayo, ngelixa ezinye zibangela umonakalo othe ngqo kwiDNA yeeseli zakho. Oku kubalulekile kuba kunceda ukutshabalalisa iiseli ze-lymphoma. Nangona kunjalo, inokunyusa umngcipheko wakho womhlaza wesibini njengoko amajoni akho omzimba anokuba buthathaka, okanye umonakalo we-DNA unokukhokelela kwiiseli ezonakeleyo (ezonakeleyo) ezibaleka amajoni akho omzimba kwaye ziphindaphindeke de zibe ngumhlaza.
Abantu abaninzi abawufumani umhlaza wesibini. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ngomngcipheko wakho ukuze ube novavanyo lwesiqhelo kwaye ufumane iingcebiso zonyango kwangoko.
Iiseli zikhula njani ngokwesiqhelo?
Ngokuqhelekileyo iiseli zikhula kwaye ziphindaphindeke ngendlela elawulwa ngokuqinileyo nelungelelanisiweyo. Zimiselwe ukuba zikhule kwaye ziziphathe ngendlela ethile, kwaye ziphindaphindeke okanye zife ngamaxesha athile.
Iiseli ngokwazo zi- microscopic - oku kuthetha ukuba zincinci kangangokuba asinakuzibona. Kodwa, xa zonke zidibana zenza onke amalungu omzimba wethu kuquka ulusu lwethu, iinzipho, amathambo, iinwele, iilymph nodes, igazi kunye namalungu omzimba.
Zininzi iitshekhi kunye neebhalansi ezenzekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iiseli zikhula ngendlela eyiyo. Ezi ziquka "iindawo zokujonga amajoni omzimba". Ukuhlolwa kwamajoni omzimba ngamanqaku ngexesha lokukhula kweeseli apho amajoni ethu omzimba "ajonga" ukuba iseli iyiseli eqhelekileyo, esempilweni.
Ukuba iseli ijongiwe kwaye ifunyenwe isempilweni, iyaqhubeka ikhula. Ukuba inesifo, okanye yonakele ngandlel’ ithile, iyalungiswa okanye itshatyalaliswe (iyafa), ize isuswe emzimbeni wethu ngenkqubo yethu ye-lymphatic.
- Xa iiseli ziphindaphindeka, kuthiwa Ukwahlulwa kweseli.
- Xa iiseli zisifa kuthiwa apoptosis.
Le nkqubo yokwahlukana kweeseli kunye ne-apoptosis ilawulwa yijene kwi-DNA yethu, kwaye iyenzeka emizimbeni yethu ngalo lonke ixesha. Senza iitriliyoni zeeseli yonke imihla ukuze sithathe indawo yezindala eziwugqibileyo umsebenzi wazo okanye wonakaliswe.
Imfuza kunye neDNA
Ngaphakathi kweseli nganye (ngaphandle kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi) kukho umongo onezibini ezingama-23 zeechromosome.
I-Chromosomes yenziwe yi-DNA yethu, kwaye i-DNA yethu yenziwe ngeejini ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezibonelela "iresiphi" yendlela iiseli zethu kufuneka zikhule, zande, zisebenze kwaye ekugqibeleni zife.
Umhlaza ubakho xa umonakalo okanye iimpazamo zisenzeka kwimizila yethu yemfuza. Olunye unyango lwe-lymphoma lunokubangela umonakalo ongapheliyo kwiijini.
Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuba kwenzekani xa iijini zethu kunye ne-DNA zonakaliswe kwividiyo engezantsi. Musa ukukhathazeka kakhulu malunga nawo onke amagama eeprotheyini kunye neenkqubo, amagama awabalulekanga njengento abayenzayo.
Yintoni umhlaza?
Umhlaza ngu geniisifo tic. Kwenzeka xa umonakalo okanye iimpazamo zenzeka kuthi genis, okukhokelela ekukhuleni okungaqhelekanga, okungalawulwayo kweeseli.
Umhlaza wenzeka xa ukukhula okungalawulekiyo nokungaqhelekanga kweeseli kuqhubeka kwaye kwenza ithumba, okanye ukwanda kweeseli ezinomhlaza egazini lakho okanye kwisixokelelwano se-lymphatic.
Olu tshintsho kwi-DNA yethu ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba lutshintsho lwemfuza okanye ukuhluka kofuzo.
Umhlaza wesibini wenzeka ngenxa yonyango lomonakalo kumhlaza wakho wokuqala - i-lymphoma okanye i-CLL ebangela i-DNA yakho, imizila yemfuza okanye amajoni omzimba.
Loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza wesibini olunokwenzeka?
Ukufumana unyango lwe-lymphoma kunokukubeka kumngcipheko ophezulu kancinane walo naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wezinye ii-cancer zesibini unokuthi uxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango onalo, kunye nendawo ye-lymphoma ephathwa ngayo.
Unyango nge-chemotherapy lunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wesibini umhlaza wegazi njenge-myeloma okanye i-leukemia okanye, ukuba uye waba ne-Hodgkin Lymphoma, unokuphuhlisa i-subtype ye-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. I-Car T-cell therapy inokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuphuhlisa i-T-cell lymphoma, i-leukemia okanye umhlaza wesikhumba, nangona umngcipheko ukholelwa ukuba uncinci.
Umngcipheko womhlaza wesibini emva konyango lwemitha unxulumene nendawo yomzimba wakho apho unyango lwemitha belujolise kuyo.
Cofa kwizihloko ezingezantsi ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nomngcipheko weentlobo eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wesibini.
Umhlaza wolusu unokuba:
- I-basal cell carcinomas
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- I-Melanomas
- Merkel cell carcinomas.
Umhlaza wamabele uxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kunamadoda, kodwa amadoda asenokufumana umhlaza wamabele. Ukuba uye waba nemitha esifubeni sakho, unokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wamabele kamva ebomini.
Kuya kufuneka uqale ukukhangela unyaka nonyaka njenge-mammogram kunye ne-ultrasound ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-30 ubudala, okanye iminyaka esi-8 emva kokuba uqale unyango lwe-lymphoma/CLL - nokuba yeyiphi eza kuqala.
Umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza wesifuba njengesiphumo sexesha elide lonyango lwakho lwe-lymphoma luphezulu ukuba unemitha kwisifuba sakho xa ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala.
Cela ugqirha wakho (ugqirha wasekuhlaleni) ukuba akubonise indlela yokukhangela amaqhuma amabele akho. Qwalasela amaqhuma ngenyanga kwaye uxele naluphi na utshintsho kugqirha wakho.
Unokuhlakulela i-lymphoma yesibini kunye engahambelaniyo. Yi le eyahlukileyo ekubuyeleni kwakhona okanye ukuguqulwa kwe-lymphoma.
Umzekelo, ukuba ubukhe wafumana unyango lweHodgkin Lymphoma, ungaphuhlisa i-lymphoma yesibini eluhlobo olungaphantsi lwe-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). Ukuba ubukhe wane-NHL kwixesha elidlulileyo, ungaphuhlisa uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-NHL okanye iHodgkin Lymphoma.
Abanye abantu baye bavelisa i-T-cell lymphoma emva konyango lwe-CAR T-cell ye-B-cell lymphoma.
nqakraza Apha ngolwazi oluninzi kwiimpawu ze-lymphoma kunye nexesha lokubona ugqirha wakho.
Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango obunalo, usenokuba semngciphekweni owongeziweyo wokuba nohlobo lwe-leukemia ebizwa ngokuba yi-Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Iimpawu ze-AML inlcude:
- Ukopha okanye ukugruzuka kulula kunesiqhelo, okanye irhashalala emfusa okanye ebomvu enamabala.
- Ukukhathala kunye nobuthathaka ngokubanzi
- Ukunciphisa umzimba kunye okanye ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngumdla
- Izilonda ezingapholiyo njengoko bekulindelekile
- Umkhuhlane kunye/okanye iingqele
- Usulelo oluhlala lubuya okanye alupheli
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo okanye intlungu yesifuba
- Utshintsho kuvavanyo lwegazi lakho.
Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba usemngciphekweni owongeziweyo wokuphuhlisa i-AML kwaye yintoni elandelayo onokuyidinga.
Unokuba usemngciphekweni omncinci wokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga kamva ebomini ukuba uye wafumana radiation esifubeni sakho. Lo mngcipheko uyanda ukuba uyatshaya, nangona kunjalo nabangatshayiyo banokuyifumana.
Iindlela ezintsha kunyango lwemitha ziyenza ikhuseleke kwaye yehlise umngcipheko, kodwa kuya kufuneka uxele naziphi na iimpawu zokuphefumla kugqirha wakho ukuba zihlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo ngaphandle kwesizathu
- Ukuziva udiniwe okanye uphelelwa ngumoya ngokukhawuleza kunokuba ubulindele xa usenza umthambo
- Intlungu esifubeni sakho
- Ukungakhululeki xa uphefumla
- Ukukhohlela kunye okanye ngaphandle kwephlegm
- Ukukhohlela igazi.
Unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza we-thyroid ukuba uye waba nemitha yemitha entanyeni okanye emqaleni.
Iimpawu zomhlaza we-thyroid ziquka:
- Umqala obuhlungu okanye intlungu ephambi kwentamo yakho enokuthi inyuke iye ezindlebeni zakho
- Igaqa phambi komqala wakho
- Ukudumba entanyeni yakho
- Kunzima ukugwinya okanye ukuphefumla
- Utshintsho kwilizwi lakho
- Ukhohlokhohlo olungapheli.
Bona ugqirha wakho wengingqi (GP) ukuba kukho naziphi na ezi zimpawu zinzima, okanye ukuba zihlala ixesha elide kuneeveki ezi-2.
Ukusasazeka kwemitha kwisisu sakho okanye emathunjini kunokonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wamathumbu kamva ebomini. Xela lonke utshintsho kugqirha wakho ukuze ahlaziywe. Utshintsho onokulufumana lubandakanya:
- Idayarrhea okanye ukutyunjwa
- Ukuqunjelwa okanye intlungu kwisisu sakho nasesiswini
- Igazi xa usiya kwindlu yangasese – oku kunokukhangeleka njengegazi elibomvu eliqaqambileyo okanye intshontsho elimnyama elincangathi elimnyama
- Ubunzima bokutya ngenxa yokuziva uhluthi
- Isihlunu kunye nokuhlanza
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kokuzama.
Unokuba semngciphekweni owonyukileyo womhlaza wedlala lobudoda ukuba uye wafumana radiation kwisisu sakho okanye kwindawo ye-pelvic, okanye unezinye iintlobo zamayeza okulwa nomhlaza anjengechemo, ekujoliswe kuwo okanye amajoni omzimba.
Qwalasela rhoqo ugqirha wakho kwaye uxele naluphi na utshintsho olunje:
- ubunzima bokuhamba komchamo (weeing) okanye ukufuna ukuhamba ngaphezu kwesiqhelo
- utshintsho ekufumaneni ukuchama okanye igazi kwidlozi lakho
- intlungu, ukuqunjelwa okanye ukungakhululeki kwisisu sakho.
Ngowuphi umhlaza wesibini onokuthi ube semngciphekweni wawo, kwaye loluphi uvavanyo lokulandela kunye neskeni ekufuneka ubenazo. Ugqirha wakho uya kuba nako ukukunceda ekulungiseleleni ezi mvavanyo.
Ngaba ifanelekile ingozi yokufumana unyango?
Esi sisigqibo sobuqu. Umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesibini, nangona uphezulu kunabo bangazange bafumane unyango lwe-lymphoma, usephantsi.
Ngonyango ngoku, unethemba lokufumana ukuxolelwa okanye ukunyanga kwi-lymphoma yakho yangoku. Oku kunokukunika iminyaka emininzi yobomi obulungileyo.
Ukwazi ukuba kukho umngcipheko womhlaza wesibini kunokubangela unxunguphalo, kodwa kukwathetha ukuba uyazi ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uzijonge kwaye umbone nini ugqirha. Kukwathetha ukuba uya kulandelwa ngokusondeleyo kwaye wenze iskeni okanye uvavanyo olwenziweyo ukuze uchonge nawuphi na umhlaza wesibini onokubakho kwangoko. Oku kuya kukunika elona thuba lilungileyo lokuba inyangwe ngempumelelo.
Nangona kunjalo, nguwe kuphela onokugqiba ukuba yeyiphi imingcipheko ozimisele ukuyithatha ngempilo yakho. Buza imibuzo yakho ye-hematologist malunga nobungozi bokungabi nalo unyango abaluncomayo. Babuze malunga neengozi zakho zomhlaza wesibini kunye novavanyo olulandelelweyo ekufuneka ubenalo.
Emva koko, thetha nabantu obathandayo okanye ugqirha wengqondo ukuba ufuna njalo. Yenza isigqibo sakho ngokusekelwe kulwazi olunikiweyo, kwaye yintoni efanelekileyo kuwe. Ukuba uziva ungenalwazi lwaneleyo, unokuphinda ucele uluvo lwesibini ngonyango lwakho. Ugqirha wakho wegazi okanye ugqirha wakho angakunceda wenze amalungiselelo oluvo lwesibini.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo zokulandelela ekufuneka ndibe nazo?
Akukho ndlela yomthetho yokwenza ulandelelwano lovavanyo lomhlaza wesibini emva konyango. Oku kungenxa yokuba into oyifunayo iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwe-lymphoma obunayo, loluphi unyango obunalo, kunye nemimandla yomzimba wakho echaphazelekayo.
Thetha ne-hematologist yakho okanye i-oncologist malunga neentlobo zovavanyo olulandelayo ekufuneka ubenalo. Nangona kunjalo, ngezantsi sisikhokelo sento ekufuneka uyiqwalasele.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo njengoko kucetyisiwe yi-oncologist okanye i-hematologist yakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-beast yenyanga nganye (xela utshintsho kwi-GP yakho ngokukhawuleza), kunye ne-mammogram kunye / okanye i-ultrasound njengoko kucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
- I-mammogram yonyaka kunye ne-ultrasound ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-30 okanye iminyaka eyi-8 emva kokusasazeka kwemitha esifubeni sakho ukuba unyango lwalungaphambi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala.
- I-Pap smears njengoko kucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba ngonyaka - rhoqo xa kucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwamathumbu rhoqo kunyaka wesibini ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-50 ubudala, kwaye ngaphambili ukuba kucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Prostate minyaka yonke ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-50 ubudala, kwaye ngaphambili ukuba kucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
- Ugonyo njengoko kucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
isishwankathelo
- Unyango lwe-lymphoma lunokusindisa ubomi, kodwa zonke iintlobo zonyango zikwabeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana umhlaza wesibini kamva ebomini.
- Umhlaza wesibini awukho ukuphindaphinda okanye ukuguqulwa kwe-lymphoma yakho yasekuqaleni. Luhlobo olwahlukileyo lomhlaza onganxulumananga ne-lymphoma yakho.
- Unyango ngeradiotherapy lunokukubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza wesibini kwindawo apho utshiso lwemitha ibilathiswe khona.
- I-Chemotherapy inokunyusa umngcipheko wakho womhlaza wegazi wesibini, okanye ezinye iintlobo zamathumba aqinileyo.
- Umhlaza wolusu ngowona mhlaza wesibini uxhaphakileyo. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba ngonyaka kubalulekile.
- Amadoda nabasetyhini bobabini banokufumana umhlaza wamabele nangona uxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini. Ukuba ukhe waba nemitha esifubeni sakho, qalisa ukuzijonga inyanga nenyanga, kwaye uxele lonke utshintsho kugqirha wakho.
- Gcina unolwazi lwazo zonke iimvavanyo zakho zovavanyo olucetyiswayo, iskeni, kunye nogonyo.
- Buza i-hematologist yakho, i-oncologist okanye i-radiation oncologist malunga nemingcipheko yakho yomhlaza wesibini kwaye wenze isicwangciso kunye nabo malunga nokhathalelo olulandelayo.
- Ukuba ngaba akukabinaye ugqirha omthembileyo, jonga omnye kwaye ubazise ngonyango lwakho kunye neengozi eziqhubekayo. Bacele ukuba baqhagamshelane ne-hematologist yakho, i-oncologist okanye i-oncologists ngemitha ukuze bafumane isikhokelo malunga nokhathalelo oluqhubekayo.
