Matakin na lymphoma yana duban yadda lymphoma ke shafar jikin ku, kuma yana ba da bayani kan irin nau'in magani mafi kyau a gare ku.
Menene ma'anar tsarawa?
Tsari yana nufin nawa jikin ku ya shafa ta lymphoma - ko kuma nisan da ya bazu daga inda ya fara.
Lymphocytes na iya tafiya zuwa kowane bangare na jikin ku. Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙwayoyin lymphoma (lymphocytes masu ciwon daji), suna iya tafiya zuwa kowane bangare na jikinka. Kuna buƙatar yin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don nemo wannan bayanin. Ana kiran waɗannan gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwajen staging kuma idan kun sami sakamako, za ku gano idan kuna da mataki na ɗaya (I), mataki na biyu (II), mataki na uku (III) ko mataki na huɗu (IV) lymphoma.
Staging Lymphoma – The Ann Arbor ko Lugano Staging System
Matakin ku na lymphoma zai dogara da:
- Yankuna nawa na jikin ku suna da lymphoma
- Inda lymphoma ya haɗa da idan yana sama, ƙasa ko a bangarorin biyu na diaphragm (babban tsoka mai siffar dome a ƙarƙashin kejin haƙarƙarin ku wanda ke raba kirjin ku daga ciki)
- Ko lymphoma ya yada zuwa ga kasusuwan kasusuwa ko wasu gabobin kamar hanta, huhu, fata ko kashi.
Matakan I da na II ana kiransu 'farko ko iyakataccen mataki' (wanda ya haɗa da iyakacin yanki na jikinka).
Matakan III da IV ana kiransu 'ci-gaba mataki' (mafi yaɗuwa). Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa ba kamar sauran ciwon daji ba, yawancin ƙwayoyin lymphoma masu tsanani za a iya warkar da su. Yi magana da likitan ku game da damar ku na warkewa ko gafara na dogon lokaci.
Stage 1 | An shafa yanki ɗaya na kumburin lymph, ko dai sama ko ƙasa da diaphragm*. |
Stage 2 | Yankunan kumburin lymph guda biyu ko fiye suna shafa a gefe ɗaya na diaphragm*. |
Stage 3 | Akalla yankin kumburin lymph ɗaya a sama da aƙalla yanki ɗaya na ƙwayar lymph a ƙarƙashin diaphragm* ya shafa. |
Stage 4 | Lymphoma yana cikin nodes masu yawa kuma ya yadu zuwa wasu sassan jiki (misali kasusuwa, huhu, hanta). |
Ƙarin bayanan tsarawa
Hakanan likitanku na iya yin magana game da matakinku ta amfani da wasiƙa, kamar A, B, E, X ko S. Waɗannan haruffa suna ba da ƙarin bayani game da alamun da kuke da shi ko kuma yadda ƙwayar lymphoma ke shafar jikin ku. Duk waɗannan bayanan suna taimaka wa likitan ku nemo mafi kyawun tsarin jiyya a gare ku.
Letter | Ma'ana | Muhimmanci |
A ko B |
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E & X |
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S |
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(Sabon mu gaba ɗaya ne a cikin mu tsarin lymphatic wanda ke tacewa da tsaftace jininmu, kuma shine wurin da kwayoyin B-mu ke hutawa kuma suna yin rigakafi) |
Gwaje-gwaje don tsarawa
Don gano matakin da kuke da shi, ana iya tambayar ku don yin wasu gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:
Utedididdigar zanan Tomography (CT)
Waɗannan sikanin suna ɗaukar hotuna na cikin ƙirjin ku, ciki ko ƙashin ku. Suna ba da cikakkun hotuna waɗanda ke ba da ƙarin bayani fiye da daidaitaccen X-ray.
Positron emission tomography (PET) duba
Wannan sikanin ne wanda ke ɗaukar hotuna na cikin dukkan jikin ku. Za a ba ku da allura tare da wasu magunguna waɗanda ƙwayoyin cutar kansa - irin su ƙwayoyin lymphoma ke sha. Maganin da ke taimakawa binciken PET don gano inda lymphoma yake da girma da siffar ta hanyar nuna wuraren da kwayoyin lymphoma. Ana kiran waɗannan wuraren a wasu lokuta "zafi".
Lumbar dam
Huda lumbar hanya ce da aka yi don bincika idan kuna da kowane lymphoma a cikin ku tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (CNS), wanda ya hada da kwakwalwar ku, kashin baya da yanki a kusa da idanunku. Kuna buƙatar tsayawa sosai yayin aikin, don haka jarirai da yara na iya samun maganin sa barci na ɗan lokaci kaɗan idan an gama aikin. Yawancin manya za su buƙaci maganin sa barci na gida kawai don hanyar da za a rage yankin.
Likitanka zai sanya allura a bayanka, sannan ya fitar da wani dan ruwa kadan mai suna "Ruwan kashin baya” (CSF) daga kewayen kashin baya. CSF wani ruwa ne wanda ke aiki kamar mai ɗaukar girgiza ga CNS ɗin ku. Hakanan yana ɗaukar sunadaran sunadarai daban-daban da kamuwa da cuta yana yaƙar ƙwayoyin rigakafi kamar su lymphocytes don kare kwakwalwar ku da kashin baya. CSF na iya taimakawa wajen zubar da duk wani karin ruwa da za ku iya samu a cikin kwakwalwar ku ko kusa da kashin bayan ku don hana kumburi a wuraren.
Za a aika samfurin CSF zuwa ilimin cututtuka kuma a duba kowane alamun lymphoma.
Bone marrow biopsy
- Marrow Marrow Aspirate (BMA): wannan gwajin yana ɗaukar ɗan ƙaramin adadin ruwan da aka samu a sararin kasusuwa.
- Marrow mai aspirate trephine (BMAT): wannan gwajin yana ɗaukar ƙaramin samfurin ƙwayar kasusuwa.
Ana aika samfurorin zuwa ilimin cututtuka inda ake duba su don alamun lymphoma.
Tsarin biopsies na kasusuwa na iya bambanta dangane da inda ake jinyar ku, amma yawanci zai haɗa da maganin sa barcin gida don rage yankin.
A wasu asibitoci, ana iya ba ku ƙwanƙwasawa mai haske wanda ke taimaka muku shakatawa kuma zai iya hana ku tuna tsarin. Duk da haka mutane da yawa ba sa buƙatar wannan kuma a maimakon haka suna iya samun “koren bushewa” don tsotsewa. Wannan koren shuɗin yana da maganin kashe zafi a ciki (wanda ake kira Penthrox ko methoxyflurane), wanda kuke amfani dashi gwargwadon buƙata.
Tabbatar cewa kun tambayi likitan ku abin da ke samuwa don sa ku jin dadi yayin aikin, kuma ku yi magana da su game da abin da kuke tunanin zai zama mafi kyawun zaɓi a gare ku.
Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani game da biopsies na kasusuwa a shafin yanar gizon mu anan.
Matsayi na CLL - Tsarin tsarin RAI
Matsayi na CLL ya ɗan bambanta da sauran nau'ikan lymphoma, saboda CLL yana farawa a cikin jini da marrow kashi.
Tsarin tsarin RAI zai duba CLL ɗin ku don ganin ko kuna yi, ko kuma ba ku da ɗaya daga cikin masu zuwa:
- babban matakan lymphocytes a cikin jinin ku ko kasusuwa - wannan ana kiransa lymphocytosis (lim-foe-cy-toe-sis)
- kumburi kumburi - lymphadenopathy (limf-a-den-op-ah-thee)
- splin mai girma - splenomegaly (splen-oh-meg-ah-lee)
- ƙananan ƙwayoyin jajayen jini a cikin jinin ku - anemia (a-nee-mee-yah)
- ƙananan matakan platelet a cikin jinin ku - thrombocytopenia (throm-bow-cy-toe-pee-nee-yah)
- kara girman hanta - hepatomegaly (hep-at-o-meg-a-lee)
Abin da kowane mataki RAI ke nufi
| Babban darajar RAI0 | Lymphocytosis kuma babu haɓakar nodes na lymph, saifa, ko hanta, kuma tare da kusan adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini na al'ada da platelet. |
| Babban darajar RAI1 | Lymphocytosis tare da kara girman ƙwayar lymph. Saifa da hanta ba su kara girma ba kuma jajayen tantanin jini da adadin platelet sun kasance na al'ada ko kaɗan kaɗan. |
| Babban darajar RAI2 | Lymphocytosis tare da girma mai girma (da yiwuwar haɓakar hanta), tare da ko ba tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph ba. Kwayoyin jinin ja da platelet sun kasance na al'ada ko kaɗan kaɗan |
| Babban darajar RAI3 | Lymphocytosis tare da anemia (ƙadan jajayen ƙwayoyin jini), tare da ko ba tare da haɓakar ƙwayoyin lymph ba, saifa, ko hanta. Ƙididdigar platelet ya kusa da al'ada. |
| Babban darajar RAI4 | Lymphocytosis tare da thrombocytopenia (ƙananan platelets), tare da ko ba tare da anemia ba, ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph, splin, ko hanta. |
*Lymphocytosis na nufin yawan lymphocytes a cikin jininka ko kasusuwan kashi
Ƙididdiga na Clinical na Lymphoma
Kwayoyin ku na lymphoma suna da nau'in girma daban, kuma sun bambanta da sel na al'ada. Matsayin lymphoma ɗin ku shine yadda ƙwayoyin lymphoma ɗin ku ke girma da sauri, wanda ke shafar yadda ake kallo a ƙarƙashin na'urar microscope. Makin sune Maki 1-4 (ƙananan, matsakaici, babba). Idan kana da lymphoma mafi girma, ƙwayoyin lymphoma naka zasu fi bambanta da sel na al'ada, saboda suna girma da sauri don haɓaka yadda ya kamata. Bayanin darajojin yana ƙasa.
- G1 - ƙananan daraja - sel ɗinku suna kallon kusa da al'ada, kuma suna girma kuma suna yadawa a hankali.
- G2 - matsakaicin matsayi - Kwayoyin ku sun fara bambanta amma wasu sel na al'ada sun wanzu, kuma suna girma kuma suna yadawa a matsakaicin matsakaici.
- G3 - babban daraja - Kwayoyin ku sun bambanta da ƴan sel na al'ada, kuma suna girma da yaduwa cikin sauri.
- G4 - babban matsayi - Kwayoyin ku sun fi bambanta da na al'ada, kuma suna girma kuma suna yada sauri.
Duk wannan bayanin yana ƙarawa ga dukkan hoton likitanku ya gina don taimakawa wajen yanke shawarar mafi kyawun nau'in magani a gare ku.
Yana da mahimmanci ku yi magana da likitan ku game da abubuwan haɗarin ku don ku sami cikakkiyar fahimtar abin da za ku yi tsammani daga jiyyanku.
